东南大学 编译原理 课件 Cp6.ppt

Chapter 6 Type Checking Zhai Yuqing Zhou Xiaoyu Overview Static Checking Check that the source program follows both the syntax and (static) semantic conventions of the source language. Examples of Static Check Type checks (incompatible operand) Flow-of-control checks (break statement) Uniqueness checks (uniquely declared identifier) Name-related checks Position of Type Checker A type checker verifies that the type of a construct matches that expected by its context. Type information gathered by a type checker may be needed when code is generated. Overload A symbol that can represent different operations in different context is said to be “overloaded” Type Systems Type Expressions (1) (1) A basic type is a type expression. (2) A type name is a type expression. (3) A type constructor applied to type expression is a type expression. Constructors include: Arrays, products, records, pointers, functions Type Expressions (2) (4) Type expressions may contain variables whose values are type expressions. Example type row = record address: integer; lexeme: array[1..15] of char end; Record((address*integer)*(lexeme*array(1..15, char))) Example var p: ? row pointer(row) mod(i, j: int): int int * int ? int Represent a type expression by a graph function f(a, b: char): ? integer char * char ? pointer(integer) Type Systems A type system is a collection of rules for assigning type expressions to the various parts of a program. (1) A type checker implements a type system. (2) The type systems are specified in a syntax-directed manner. Static and Dynamic Checking of Types Static Checking (Done by a compiler) Dynamic Checking (done when the target program runs) table: array[0..255] of char; i: integer; … table[i] := ‘a’ Static and Dynamic Checking of Types Strongly typed language (if its compiler can guarantee that the programs it accepts will execute without type error) Specification of a Simple Type Checker a Simple Language Grammar for the Source La