表面接枝扩链脲的纳米二氧化硅改性环氧树脂体系的性能研究高分子化学与物理专业论文.docxVIP

摘要摘要 摘要 摘要 本文利用不同分子量(200，600，1000，2000)的聚乙二醇(PEG)与2，4一甲 苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)在一定条件下合成预聚体，然后将其接枝于纳米二氧化硅 (Nano．Si02)粒子表面，并用二甲胺气体进行封端反应，合成了一系列环氧树 脂固化体系的增韧改性剂U—PEG。．Si02(n=200，600，1000，2000)。采用FT-IR 及TG为检测手段对所合成的U．PEG。．Si02及其中间产物进行了表征。该系列增 韧改性剂的设计结合了柔性链增韧与纳米粒子增韧两种方法，能够在增韧环氧 树脂基体的同时不损失体系的其他力学性能，同时活性的脲基可以起到促进体 系固化反应的作用。 通过DSC、DMA、冲击实验及SEM等测试手段对E．51／DICY／U．PEG。．Si02 固化体系的反应活性、动态力学行为、冲击强度和断裂面微观形态等进行了系 统的研究。实验的结果表明，U．PEG。．Si02系列增韧改性剂对E．51／DICY环氧树 脂固化体系起到了很好的改性效果：改性后固化体系的峰顶温度较之未改性体 系最多降低30℃，活化能由143．82kJ／mol降至85kJ／mol左右，反应活性有了很 大的提高；改性后体系在基本保持原有模量的情况下，冲击强度明显改善，最 高达到未改性体系的2．2倍。改性体系断裂面的微观形态表明体系发生了韧性断 裂。 关键词：环氧树脂；增韧；纳米二氧化硅；扩链脲；反应活性；冲击性能 AbstractAbstract Abstract Abstract In this paper,a series of chain—extended ureas containing polyethylene glycols (PEG)flexible spacers were synthesized and grafted onto the surface of nano—silica particles．The modifier U—PEGn—Si02 was used to modify epoxy resin epoxy resin based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and dicyanodiamide．The aim of the study was to enhance the curing reactivity and improve the toughness characteristics of the brittle epoxy matrix without the reduction of the modulus and glass transition temperature． The curing activity,dynamical mechanical behavior,impact response and fracture surface morphology of the modified systems were systematically investigated． DSC analysis reveals that the curing reactivity of the epoxy system is greatly accelerated with the addition of U—PEGn—Si02 and the curing reaction peak temperature decreased 3 0。C at most．Impact tests show that the modifiers are very effective in toughening the epoxy resin．The impact strength of the modified systems are 2-3 times higher than that of the unmodified system，while the modulus and glass transition temperature are little altered from the dynamic mechanical analysis，and the fracture surfaces of the modified systems exhibit characteristics of toughening fracture． Key Words：epoxy resin；toughening；chain-extended urea；reactivity；impact property 工I 第一章前言第一章前 第一章前言 第一章前 言 第一节