二拍中的助词得研究语言学及应用语言学专业论文.docxVIP

内容提要凌漾初的《拍案惊奇》与《二刻拍案惊奇》是明末清初的一 内容提要 凌漾初的《拍案惊奇》与《二刻拍案惊奇》是明末清初的一 ●_，-_^-____一 部拟话本小说集，其语言接近口语，是研究该时期语言的重要资 料。本文以之为语料，从句法、语义、语用三个平面对助词“得” 及相关旬式进行细致分析和穷尽描写，并从历史角度与南宋《朱 子语类》和现代汉语普通话作比较，将动态研究与静态研究相结 合。将该书中的“得”分为四个具有不同语法性质的“得l、得 2、得，、得4”；与这四个“得”相对应，将带“得”的结构分为 可能式、完成式及情态式。这三式出现频率都较高，并各有强大 的语法功能；随着语法系统的调整和发展，现代汉语中带“得．、 得2”的可能式减少，带“得3”的完成式完全消失，带“得。” 的情态式结构体则成为现代汉语语法中的重要旬式。对该书中的 “得”及相关句式进行全面考察，有助于揭示其在近代汉语中的 语法面貌，了解古代汉语与现代汉语的某些相关结构的发展变化 与内在联系。 关键词： 可§蕞7 “型’， 完成式＼／ 历龇较√ 情态式 三个平面 V7 V AbstractLing Abstract Ling Meng Chu’S Pai An Jing Qi and Er Ke Pai An．1ing Qi is Nihuaben novels in the end Ming and the early Qing Dynasty The language in them is approximately spoken language，which is important materials for the language study of thm period．We entirely described and thoroughly analyzed the auxiliary word“得”and the structures in relation to it from three levels including Syntax、 Semantics and Pragmatics．And we made historical perspective through comparison with Zhu Zi Yu Le／and modem spoken Chinese，combining the dynamic and the static study．“得”is divided into four groups“得1、得2、得3、得 4”with different grammar features．Basing on this，we concludes that the Wan Cheng pattern，Ke Neng pattern and Qing Tai Pattern which have the word“得” all have high frequency and many grammar function．With the development and regulation of Chinese grammar,“得I，得2and Ke Neng pattern have decreased， “得3”and Wan Cheng pattern have disappeared，“得4”and Qing Tai pattern have been an important strucnlre in Contemporary Chinese．It is helpful for the reveal of grammar status in the Chinese of last several centuries and find the development and change and the inner relation of relating structure between ancient and modem Chinese to make a thorough study on“得”and relating seutence patterns， Key Words：“得” Three Level Historical Comparison Ke Neng pattern Qing Tai pattem Wan Cheng pattern “二拍”中的助词“得”0引言 “二拍”中的助词“得” 0引言 《拍案惊奇》(以下简称“初刻”)与《二刻拍案惊奇》(以下简称“二刻”，“初 刻”与“--30”合称“二拍”)是中国小说史上第一部由作家创作的拟话本小说集， 作者凌漾初生于1580年，浙江乌程(今吴兴)人。