英历史文化、社基本知识介绍.pptVIP

* * ⅠPre- feudal society 1.?early settlement ------55BC A.?Inter-glacial stage（间冰期）: cave men / stone age men B.?about 3000 B.C. : Iberians(伊比利亚人） from the Mediterranean lands C.?about 2500 B.C. : Beaker folk(比克人） D.??Celtic tribes / the Celts 750 B.C--- a. Gaels---Scotland b. Britons---welsh c. Gaul---100B.C. 2. Roman Occupation A. 55B.C.-54B.C. Julius Caesar (Roman general) invaded Britain twice B. Real conquest in 43A.D. by Claudius I (Roman Empire) a.About 122A.D. the Romans built a wall called Hadrian’s wall b.The Roman Occupation lasted for almost 350 years. C. 410 A.D. End of rule a.The Romans came to govern and to trade, not to settle; and they were too few in number to change the language and customs of the people as they did in France and Spain. b.True slave society was introduced into England. 3. Angle—Saxons Period the Germanic tribes--- Angles / Saxons / Jutes A They spoke a language which we now call Old English or Anglo-Saxon B.?King Arthur C.829A.D. Wessex won the overlordship of all the rest Egbert ( king of Wessex)---king of the English. 4. Invasion of Vikings A. About the end of 8th King Alfred of Wessex / Alfred the Great Alfred was considered the first national hero B. 973A.D Edgar (grandson of Alfred)--- the king of the England. C. Beginning of Feudalism Ⅱ. the Growth of Feudalism 1.The Norman conquests and its consequence. A.The Normans ← Vikings Normandy-- the most highly organized state in Europe at that time B. Conquest Edward -- 24 years rule. (His mother: Emma of Normandy) Harold---not from a royal family Duke William of Normandy---Emma’s brother’s son 1066 Westminster Abbey--- William I(crowned) ---William the Conqueror 1071 Completely conquer C. Consequ