英语倒装结构.doc

英语倒装结构 倒装分为：完全倒装部分倒装1、完全倒装句型基本结构：谓语动词(be/实义动词)+主语（名词）+其他成分 注：如果主语是代词，则不用倒装。 ??????? ?Here is the letter.???????? Here he comes. （1）there位于句首，跟谓语动词一起译成“有” 。 ???????? There seemed to be a man in black.???????? There are forty students in our class. （2）地点副词here, there等和时间副词now, then等位于句首 ???????? There goes the bell.???????? Then came the chairman. （3）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语位于句首，谓语表示运动的动词 。???????? Out rushed the pupils when the bell went. ???????? Under the table was lying a half-conscious young man. 2、部分倒装句型基本结构：部分谓语(助动词/情态动词)+主语+谓语动词 注：如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did。 ?????? Never have I seen such a performance.???????Only yesterday did he find out his watch.????????????????????? （1）句首为否定或半否定的词语或一些介词+no+名词的结构。（no, not, never, seldom, little, not until, barely, rarely, no sooner…than, no more, only, not only, by no means Hardly/Scarcely…when, nor nearly, at no time, 等）???????? Never have I seen such a performance.?????????Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.???????? Not only did he refuse the gift, he also criticized the sender.（只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。）???????? Not until the child fell asleep, did the mother leave the room.（主句倒装，从句不倒装） 注： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 ????????? I have never seen such a performance. Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner…than引导的主从复合句主句要求用过去完成式。 ???????? Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 如果含有从句时，只要求主句倒装Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake. 如hardly, scarcely后面接any, ever, at all，意义似almost no/not/never（几乎不/从不），无须倒装。?Hardly any people having been invited went there. （2）so, neither, nor表示“也”、“也不” 的句子。???????? ?Tom can speak French. So can Jack.???????? ?If you wont go, neither will I. 注：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。 ??????? Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. ??????? ---It is raining hard.??? ---So it is. （3）only在句首要倒装的情况??????? Only in this way, can you learn English well.?????? Only after being asked three tim