曼昆经济学理微观部分第6章.pptVIP

Supply, Demand, and Government Policies In a free, unregulated market system, market forces establish equilibrium prices and exchange quantities. While equilibrium conditions may be efficient, it may be true that not everyone is satisfied. One of the roles of economists is to use their theories to assist in the development of policies. 供给、需求与政府政策 在一个自由、无管制的市场系统中，市场力量实现均衡价格和均衡交易量。 这种均衡结果也许是有效的，但并不是每个人对此都感到满意。 经济学家的作用之一就是利用他们的理论帮助制定政策。 Controls on Price... 价格控制… Are usually enacted when policymakers believe the market price is unfair to buyers or sellers. 当政策制定者认为市场价格对买者或卖者不公平时，往往实行价格控制