智能小车课程设计报告书.doc

可编辑版 Word完美格式 . 智能巡线小车的设计（A） [摘要] 本次毕业设计分为四个模块：电源模块、路面检测模块、单片机最小系统 、电机驱动模块。电源模块是采用12V电源双路供电，一路直接供给电机，一路经过稳压电路输出5V电源给LM324、单片机和L298N。循迹模块是采用三个单反射式红外传感器TCRT5000并排安装，来检测路面情况，输出给单片机TTL电平信号。单片机最小系统是满足单片机工作的系统。电机驱动选择的是驱动芯片L298直接驱动两个直流减速电机，并采用PWM调节速度，达到两个电极不同速度，从而控制小车的行驶速度。 [关键词] 单片机 电源 路面检测 电机驱动 PWM  Smart Patrol Line Vehicle Yangbin （Grade 07,Class 02, Major Technique of Measuring Control and Instrument，Mechanical Engineering Dept.，Shaanxi University of Technology，Hanzhong 723003，Shaanxi） Tutor:Liang yingxuan Abstract：The graduation project is divided into four modules: power supply module, the road detection module, the smallest single chip system, the motor drive module. 12V power supply module is the use of dual power supply, direct supply of the motor all the way, all the way through the 5V output voltage regulator to power the LM324, MCU and L298N. Tracking module is the use of three single-reflection infrared sensor TCRT5000 side by side, to detect the road conditions, the output TTL level signal to the microcontroller. Minimum system MCU is to meet the minimum system work system. Motor driver chips L298 is selected to drive two DC gear motor directly, and use PWM to adjust the speed to achieve two electrodes at different speeds to control car speed. Key words：MCU power supply the road detection Motor driver PWM Word完美格式 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc295337315 1引言 PAGEREF _Toc295337315 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc295337316 1.1智能小车的意义和作用 PAGEREF _Toc295337316 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc295337317 1.2智能小车的现状 PAGEREF _Toc295337317 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc295337318 1.3 论文各部分的主要内容 PAGEREF _Toc295337318 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc295337321 2 方案论证与选择 PAGEREF _Toc295337321 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc295337322 2.1 任务 PAGEREF _Toc295337322 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc295337323 2.2 电源模块的设计 PAGEREF _Toc295337323 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc295337324 2.3 路面检测模块的设计 PAGEREF _Toc295337324 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc295337325 2.3.1 传感器类型选择