英语专业英语语言学期末复习总结.doc

英语语言学 一、名词解释 第一课 1.Synchronic共时性: Said of an approach that studies language at a theoretical “point” in time.\ A kind of description which takes a fixed instant (usually, but not necessarily, the present), as its point of observation. Most grammars are of this kind. 2.Langue语言: The abstract linguistic system shared by all members of a speech community. 3.Language: Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbol used for human communication. 4.Arbitrariness任意性: One design feature of human language, which refers to the face that the forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship to their