美国历史文化概况（英文版）UNIT 4 Civil War and Abraham Lincoln.ppt

Unit 4 Civil War and Abraham Lincoln CONTENTS TEACHING AIMS After studying this unit, you are required to: 1. Have a general idea of Civil War and Abraham Lincoln . 2. Understand the history of Civil War . 3. Master the difficult words and expressions. Text A American Civil War TEXT A Preview 南北战争，又称美国内战（American Civil War），是美国历史上一场大规模的内战，参战双方为北方资产阶级领导下的美利坚合众国（简称联邦）和南方种植场奴隶主领导下的美利坚联盟国（简称邦联）。这场战争的起因为美国南部十一州以亚伯拉罕?林肯就任总统为由而陆续退出联邦，而林肯下令攻打“叛乱”州。但根源却在于南方种植园经济体制制约了北方资本主义的发展。此战不但改变了美国的政经情势，导致奴隶制度在美国南方被最终废除，也对日后美国的民间社会产生巨大的影响。 TEXT A Reading Comprehension Read the following sentences and decide whether they are true（T) or false（F)． 1. After eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States, they formed the Union in the South. ( ) 2. It was the dispute over Negro slavery that touched off the American Civil War.( ) 3. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was written by Harriet Beech Stowe. ( ) 4. The election of Abraham Lincoln was a fuse of the American Civil War. ( ) 5. At the beginning of military struggle, the Northern States were poorly prepared for the war. And in terms of strength, the North didn’t enjoy much superiority. ( ) 6. During the first two years of American Civil War, the Federal Army suffered repeated setbacks. ( ) 7. The famous Emancipation Proclamation became effective on September 22, 1862. ( ) 8. The war ended in victory for the North and the Union when the Southern troops were hemmed in at Appomattox, Virginia. ( ) TEXT A Notes 1. The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and the CSA) was an unrecognized state set up from 1861 to 1865 by eleven southern slave states of the United States of America that had declared their secession from the U.S. Asserting that states had a right to secede, seven states declared their independence from the United States before the inauguration of Abraham Lincoln as President on March 4, 1861; four more did