2016年秋八年级英语人教版上册练习：Unit 8 单元语法小专题.docVIP

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus) 语法精讲 一、祈使句 祈使句常用来表示命令、指示、请求、要求或建议等。 1．当主语是第二人称you时，you通常被省略。这种祈使句一般以动词原形开头。它的否定形式是在动词原形前加Dont。如： Be more careful next time.下次仔细点。 Come to school earlier next time.下次早点来学校。 Dont play computer games.不要玩电脑游戏。 在祈使句的句首或句尾加please，可以使祈使句的语气更委婉。注意：在句尾加please时，要在please前加逗号。如： Please speak loudly.＝Speak loudly，please.请大声讲话。 2．带有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句通常以let为引导词，一般用来提建议。如： Lets watch the cartoon now.现在我们看卡通片吧。 Lets/Let me祈使句的否定形式是Lets/Let me not…或Dont lets/let me …；“Let ＋ 第三人称”的否定形式为Dont let ＋ 第三人称 …。如： Lets not play soccer in the street.我们不要在街上踢足球。 Dont let her watch so much TV.不要让她看这么多电视。 二、可数名词与不可数名词 普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词可以用具体的数词来修饰，也可以用“数词＋计量名词 ＋ of ＋ 可数名词的复数形式”来表示。如：three apples三个苹果；two bags of watermelons两袋西瓜 2．不可数名词没有复数形式，表示量时用“数词 ＋ 计量名词 ＋ of ＋ 不可数名词”结构。如：a cup of milk一杯牛奶 3．可数名词的量可以用how many提问；不可数名词的量可以用how much提问。 4．some，any，a lot of，lots of等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。 语法精练 Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．________(keep) quiet in the library. 2．Dont ________(swim) in the river，please. 3．Please dont ________(be) late for school next time. 4．You should not eat too much ________(meat)． 5．They visited two big ________(factory) last month. 6．There ________(be) some bread on the table. You can have some. 7．Would you like to buy some ________(salt), Mrs. Smith? 8．Both his uncle and his aunt are famous ________(scientist)． 9．How much ________(coffee) is there in the cup? 10．How many ________(watermelon) did you buy yesterday? Ⅱ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。 11．You must listen to the teacher carefully. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ the teacher carefully，please. 12．You cant pour the water into the pot. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ the water into the pot. 13．I have two brothers. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ brothers do you have? 14．There is a little honey in the fridge.(对画线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ is there in the fridge? 15．There is a tomato in the box.(用three代替a改写句子) There ________ three ________ in the box. Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 16．请看第二幅图。 ________ ________ the second picture，please. 17．会议室里有几位