世界卫生组织全球糖尿病报告.ppt

Recommendations WHO response * * Scope of the report Burden of diabetes Preventing diabetes Managing diabetes National response Recommendations BURDEN OF DIABETES Diabetes is a serious, chronic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (type 1) or the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces (type 2). Causative risk factors Tobacco use Unhealthy diets Physical inactivity Harmful use of alcohol Non-communicable diseases Heart disease and stroke ? ? ? ? Diabetes ? ? ? ? Cancer ? ? ? ? Chronic lung disease ? Diabetes is one of the four major NCDs Risk factors Type 1 Exact causes are unknown. Type 2 Risk is determined by genetic and metabolic factors Overweight/obesity and physical inactivity are the strongest risk factors Fetal early childhood nutrition affect future risk Complications of diabetes 108 million 422 million Rise in diabetes 1980 2014 Rise is faster in low- and middle - income countries Increase in diabetes is most marked in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region Mortality from diabetes 43% of deaths occurred under the age of 70 years Economic impact of diabetes Catastrophic medical expenditure significantly higher in people with diabetes. Direct annual cost of diabetes globally US$ 827 billion. Losses in GDP worldwide estimated to be US$ 1.7 trillion from 2010 to 2030 Diabetes and the global NCD agenda PREVENTING DIABETES Overweight and obesity increasing 2014 1 in 3 overweight 1 in 10 obese Preventing type 2 diabetes at the population level Multisectoral approaches to reduce the prevalence of modifiable diabetes risk factors A combination of fiscal policies, legislation, changes to the environment and raising awareness of health risks can promote healthier diets and physical activity. Healthy work places School-based approach Preventing type 2 diabetes in people at high risk Diabetes can be delayed or prevented