基于OFDM的电力线远程路灯控制模块设计-电路与系统专业论文.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE VI 基于 OFDM 的电力线远程路灯控制模块设计 摘 要 路灯是城市建设中必不可少的公用设施之一，与人民生活和交通安全有着 密切的联系。而且一个城市的照明水平不仅仅反映着这个城市的建设水平，还 是城市形象的重要标志。但是传统的路灯控制与维护手段已经不再适当今的要 求。因此，设计自动化程度高、运行可靠、高效节能、使用维护方便并能美化 市容的照明监控系统，是照明控制与管理现代化的必然要求。 低压电力线通信技术由于其成本低、稳定性高和组网快等优点，成为近年 来的研究热门。但是低压电力线信道存在的干扰噪声、信号衰减和多径干扰都 大大提高了通信的难度。正交频分复用(OFDM)技术因实现简单、频谱利用率高、 并具有较好的抗多径和脉冲干扰性能，成为电力线通信的主要技术之一。它是 一种复用技术，利用多个相互正交的子载波来传送信息，不但大大提高了频谱 利用率，同时也有效克服了低压电力线信道中的频率选择性衰落和多径时延， 实现了高速、可靠的数据通信。本文综合这两种时下热门的技术，采用DSP芯 片TMS320C6418和单片机PIC16F690设计出新的路灯控制模块。 本文首先从理论上详细地阐述了低压电力线的信道特性，并且建立了基本 的电力线通信的仿真模型。接下来分析了正交频分复用技术的基本原理和关键 技术，进一步阐述了在电力线通信系统中采用OFDM技术的必要性和可行性。 之后以TI公司的TMS320C6418芯片为核心设计了应用OFDM技术的低压电力线 调制解调模块，并使之与Microchip公司生产的PIC16F690单片机芯片相结合设 计出分为主控节点和从节点的路灯远程控制模块。 关键词： 低压电力线载波通信；正交频分复用；城市路灯控制 Design of Street Lamp Module based on OFDM Abstract Street lamp is one of the indispensable public facility in urban construction and it has close relationship with public life and traffic safety. Besides, the city street lighting system is not only an important component of the urban construction but also an important symbols of city． But the traditional control and maintenance measure of street lamp are not enough any more. Therefore, the street lamp control module which is highly automatic, reliable, efficient and energy saving, convenient for using and maintenance is necessary for modern lighting control and supervise. Low-voltage power line communication (LVPLC) is a low-cost, high- reliability, quick-construction technology, becomes hot research field in recent years. But the noises, attenuation and multipath propagation in power-line channel make the communication signal very difficult to be realized. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is easily realized, and has high spectrum efficiency, good performance which anti both multipath and pulse jamming, is a major technique in LVPLC systems. It is a kind of multiplexing technology, using a number of orthogonal subcarriers to transmit information. OFDM not only greatly improve