基于浮力的三维实体测量装置设计理论研究-机械电子工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 I万方数据 I 万方数据 摘要 实体的三维测量与 CAD 模型的重构是目前国内外反求工程研究中的焦点问题。本 课题对基于浮力测量的三维实体非接触测量装置及其重构算法的研究，具有重要的理 论意义与广阔的应用前景。本文主要对课题中浮力测量涉及的部分关键技术进行了研 究，并对装置机械结构进行了有限元分析。 总结了目前三维测量与重构技术的特点，指出了本测量装置的基本工作原理与系 统组成。通过液体表面张力试验，选取无味煤油为浮力测量载体。设计了电子天平数 据采集程序，实现与 PC 的通信。构建基于浮力测量的二维轮廓计算模型，对其重构 算法进行了初步研究。 应用有限元法、优化设计、动态设计等设计理论和机电一体化 CAD/CAE 集成设计 方法，从保证装置的测量精度、结构强度、振动特性等要求出发，对装置的机械结构 进行了有限元分析与改进。对横杆支点机构进行了实体建模与静力学分析，应用不同 算法，得到其应力和位移分布规律。对横杆结构进行了有限元优化设计，得到优化后 截面参数。设计了运动平台支架，并对其进行有限元分析，得到其应力、位移等静态 特性参数和前五阶固有频率及相应振型等动态特性参数。分析结果表明，装置机械结 构满足装置对强度和测量精度控制的要求。 本文研究为装置结构的改进与测量实验的展开、测量误差的补偿与控制系统参数 的设定提供了重要的参考依据，为课题组三维重构算法研究作了进一步充实，对类似 机构的设计与有限元分析也具有一定的参考价值。 关键词: 三维测量，浮力，重构算法，有限元分析 Ab Abstract II万方数据 II 万方数据 Abstract 3-D entity measurement and reconstruction of CAD model are key problems of reverse engineering research. The study of the buoyancy-based 3-D non-contact entity measurement device and reconstruction algorithm has theoretical significance and bright application prospect. The paper focuses on the research of some key technologies in buoyancy measurement and finite element analysis of the device mechanical structure. Current research and development of 3-D measurement and reconstruct technology are summarized. The basic operation principle and components of this measurement device are pointed out. By surface tension measuring experiments, odorless kerosene is chosen as the liquid for buoyancy measurement. A program is designed for the communication of balance and PC. Two-dimensional measurement and reconstruct algorithm model is described and a basic research is implemented. Based on the modern design theory of finite element method, optimization design, dynamical design and electro mechanics CAD/CAE integrated technology, the mechanical structure of the device is analyzed and improved by finite element method for assuring measurement precision, structural intensity, vibration characteristic of the device, etc. The entity modeling of cross member mechanism is set up and analyzed by finite elem