科技英语摘要Writing-Abstractsummary.ppt

Lecture 02;1. Abstract writing;Abstract;Abstract;1. Definition of the abstract (1);1. Definition of the abstract (2);1. Definition of the abstract (3);2. Types of abstracts (1);2. Types of abstracts (2);2. Types of abstracts (3);2.1 Informative abstract信息性/报道性/资料性摘要; 2.2 Indicative abstract (1) 指示性/说明性/描述性摘要;2.2 Indicative abstract (2)指示性/说明性/描述性摘要; 2.3 Informative-indicative abstract报道-指示性摘要;2.4 Structured abstract (结构式摘要);Types of structured abstract;3 Economy of words (1);3. Economy of words (2);3. Economy of words (3);3. Economy of words (4);4.1 The formalized structure of abstract;4.1.1 Topic sentence;4.1.1 Examples (1);4.1.1 Examples (2);4.1.1 Examples (3);4.1.1 Examples (4);4.1.2 Supporting sentences;4.1.2 Examples (1);4.1.2 Examples (2);4.1.3 Concluding sentences;4.1.3 Examples (1);4.1.3 Examples (2);4.2 Five steps for abstract writing (1);4.2 Five steps for abstract writing (2);4.3 Five A(nswer) strategy (1);4.3 Five A(nswer) strategy (2);(1) Modern management is essentially about managing people as well as processes in a rapidly changing environment. (2) The author presents the factors which make “strategic management” effective. (3) A dominant factor is the organization climate which, in turn, is determined by the quality of the managers and the availability of alternatives. ;(4) To improve the organization climate in which strategic management can be effective, the quality of the managers is a crucial factor. (5) The scope for alternatives also proves an important constraint. (6) The author suggests that the assessment of effects for management should include the use of consultants and the role of formal procedure.;(7) It is concluded that the correct judgement and optimal operation of the essential factors will enhance the effectiveness of strategic management in general. A1 Sentence 1 A2 Sentence 2 A3 Sentence 3, 4 and 5. A4 Sentence 6 A5 Sentence 7;Example 1; The chromatographic separation