计算机组成与结构课程设计.docVIP

实用标准 精彩文档 前 言 随着计算机科学与技术的迅猛发展，直接推动了我们对计算机组成与结构这门课程的学习。 计算机总体上是由软件和硬件组成。硬件是物质基础，没有良好的硬件，软件将无法发挥作用；软件是灵魂，没有软件，计算机就无法工作，软件不良，计算机也无法高效率地工作。计算机的硬件由运算器、控制器、存储器、输入设备和输出设备构成。计算机的软件主要由系统软件与应用软件组成。程序预先存放在存储器中，计算机工作时能自动高速地从存储器中取出指令和数据加以执行。计算机是通过执行指令来处理各种数据的。为了指出数据的来源、操作结果的去向及所执行的的操作，一条指令一般包括操作码、操作数地址、操作结果的存储地址、下一条指令的地址。操作码具体说明操作的性质和功能。一台计算机可能有几十条至几百条指令，每一条指令都有一个相应的操作码，计算机通过识别该操作码来完成不同的操作。操作数的地址——CPU通过该地址就可以取得所需的操作数。把对操作数的处理结果保存在操作结果存储地址中以便再次使用。计算机的性能与它的指令系统有很的关系，而指令系统的设置又与机器的硬件密切相连。 在本次课程设计中，我在同学的帮助下完成相应的整体逻辑图的设计、指令系统的设计、确定微操作控制信号等，设计的一台小型的实验计算机，能基本实现四则运算。 目 录 　　前言························································ 任务书······················································ 实验计算机的设计 1.1 确定设计总要求······································· 1.2 设计整机逻辑框图····································· 1.3 设计指令系统········································· 1.4 设计指令执行流程····································· 1.5 确定微操作控制信号及其实现方法························ 1.6 设计微指令格式········································ 1.7 确定微程序控制方式···································· 1.8 编写指令的微程序······································ 1.9 设计实验接线表········································ 1.10 编写调试程序········································· 1.11 编写应用程序········································· 第2章 实验计算机的组装 2.1器件排列··············································· 2.2 信号连接··············································· 2.3 实验接线板安装········································· 第3章 实验计算机的调试 3.1 调试准备··············································· 3.2 程序调试··············································· 第4章 实验计算机的故障的排除································· 4.1 故障的类型和原因······································· 4.2 故障的分析查找········································· 小结·························································· 参考文献······················································ 本科生课程设计任务书 2008 届 计算机科学与工程 系 计算机科学与技术 专业 Ⅰ 课程设计题目：实验计算机 利用 FD—CES 实验仪提供的硬件资源（功能模块、控制台及外设等），按设计、组装、调试等步骤研制一台微程序控制的实验计算机。 Ⅱ 原始资料