pharmaecono--药物治疗疼痛的经济因素考虑.pptVIP

Economic Considerations in the Pharmacologic Management of Pain(药物治疗疼痛中的经济因素考虑） Liu Zhan Xian-Janssen Pharmaceutical Ltd. General Introduction of Pain (疼痛概论） Definition (疼痛的定义） Physical pain is a common, subjective and complicated process that is initiated by an unpleasant sensory experience. It occurs via several mechanisms that may result in immobility, deconditioning and emotional reactions.(躯体疼痛是由于不愉快的感觉经验引起的一种常见的,主观的和复杂的过程.它是通过可引起行动受限, 状态异常和情绪反应的一系列机制而发生的. General Introduction of Pain (疼痛概论） Epidemiology (流行病学资料) 75 million people in U.S. have some form of persistent or recurrent pain* and pain is the most common symptom for which patients seek medical assistance** (在美国有超过七千五百万人患有不同程度的持续性或反复发生的疼痛;疼痛已成为患者求医的最常见的症状. 在中国,130万癌症死亡人群中,60%以上忍受着中到重度疼痛 General Introduction of Pain (疼痛概论） Greatest Challenge (伟大的挑战) The greatest health care challenge for the next decade is to make the best use of limited available resources to attain the highest quality of health care for the lowest cost. As pharmacoeconomic data become increasingly available,their use in cost-effective pain management and in all health care decisions, will play a major role. The pharmacist is uniquely poised to adapt to this shifting paradigm.* 在下一个十年中,对健康领域里的最大的挑战是充分利用可得到的有限资源,利用最低的花费来得到最高的健康质量.由于药物经济学资料的增加,在疼痛控制健康项目决策中,其花费和结果的研究将起主要作用.药剂师们在适应这场变更中起着独一无二的平衡作用. General Introduction of Pain (疼痛概论） Classification of Pain (疼痛的分类) Temporal Classification(时间分类) Acute Pain Chronic Pain usually defined as that lasting 6 months or longer the timing,localization and character of the pain are often more vague(疼痛的时间,部位和性质经常是含糊的) There may be indications of sleep disturbances, loss of appetite,decreased libido,weight loss and depression. (经常伴有睡眠干扰,食欲不振,性欲下降, 体重降低及抑郁) Physiologic Classification(生理学分类) Somatic, Visceral, Neuropathic(躯体,内脏,神经性) General Introduction of Pain (疼痛概论） Pain Management Principles(疼痛控制原则)* Acute Pain patient education on postoperative pain the need for regularly scheduled analgesics a