减少入院患者静脉.pptx

Reducing the risk of venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) in patients admitted to hospital减少入院患者静脉血栓栓塞（深静脉和肺栓塞）的风险;撰写机构 NICE clinical guideline 92 Developed by the National Collaborating Centre for Acute and Chronic Conditions;Contents 内容;Introduction 简介;Introduction 简介;Introduction简介;Key priorities for implementation 重点实施;;VTE危险因素;Assessing the risks of bleeding重点评估出血风险;Box2 Risk factors for bleeding 出血的危险因素;Assessing the risks of VTE and bleeding 重点评估VTE和出血风险;Reducing the risk of VTE 减少VTE的风险;下腔静脉过滤器; ;Anti-embolism stockings抗栓袜;抗栓袜使用禁忌症;Do not offer anti-embolism stockings to patients who have: ? suspected or proven peripheral arterial disease ? peripheral arterial bypass grafting ? peripheral neuropathy or other causes of sensory impairment ? any local conditions in which stockings may cause damage, for example fragile ‘tissue paper’ skin, dermatitis, gangrene or recent skin graft ? known allergy to material of manufacture ? cardiac failure ? severe leg oedema or pulmonary oedema from congestive heart failure ? unusual leg size or shape ? major limb deformity preventing correct fit. Use caution and clinical judgement when applying anti-embolism stockings over venous ulcers or wounds.;抗栓袜使用注意事项;1.Ensure that patients who need anti-embolism stockings have their legs measured and that the correct size of stocking is provided. Anti-embolism stockings should be fitted and patients shown how to use them by staff trained in their use. 2.Ensure that patients who develop oedema or postoperative swelling have their legs re-measured and anti-embolism stockings refitted. 3.If arterial disease is suspected, seek expert opinion before fitting anti-embolism stockings. 4.Use anti-embolism stockings that provide graduated compression and produce a calf pressure of 14–15 mmHg. 5.Encourage patients to wear their anti-embolism stockings day and night until they no longer have significantly reduced mobility. ;抗栓