第二单元 包装材料和容器.pdf

UNIT TWO PACKAGING MATERIALS AND CONTAINER 第二单元包装材料和容器 Lesson 3 Paper and Paperboard 第3课纸与纸板 Introduction Definition of paper: ·Paper is defined as a matted or felted sheet usually composed of plant fiber. Paper has been commercially made from such fiber sources as rags (linen), bagasse (sugar cane), cotton, and straw. Modern paper is made almost exclusively from cellulose fiber derived from wood. ·Although the word “paper” is derived from the Egyptian term, “papyrus” was not a true paper in the modern sense. - Invention of paper ·The invention of paper by blending cellulose fibers didn’t occur until the beginning of the second century A.D. Introduction Ts’ai Lun, a member of the court of the later Han Dynasty, is generally credited with developing the first real papermaking process in 105 A.D. ·The “Fourdrinier machine” was the first on the market and produced a homogenous (single-ply) sheet of boxboard in various thicknesses. It was soon joined by the “Cylinder machine” which formed a multi-layered (multi-ply) type of paperboard. These machines were first installed in the United States around 1830. Introduction Paper and paperboard · Paperboard, boxboard, cardboard, and cartonboard are all terms used to describe heavier paper stock. · The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) states that material weighing more than 250 grams per square metre (511b per 1,000 sq. ft.) shall be known as paperboard. U.S. practice calls material that is more than 300(0.012 in.) thick paperboard. Representative Papermaking Machines Fourdrinier Machines Fourdrinier machines (Figure 3.1) pump furnish from a headbox directly onto a moving wire screen through which the water is continuously drained. Fourdrinier machines may have a second hea