基于生态足迹的烟台市可持续发展评价研究-人口、资源与环境经济学专业论文.docxVIP

捅 捅 要 生态足迹模型提供了一套测算人类利用资源和影响环境程度的综合性评价指标 体系。该模型将区域的生物资源和能源的消费与供给，标准化处理后折算为一定的 生物生产性土地面积需求(生态足迹)与供给(生态承载力)；通过比较分析这种供需 状况，定量判断区域过去或现在发展的可持续性。 本文运用生态足迹模型对烟台市1997--2006年的发展状况进行实证研究，主要 对烟台市生态足迹与生态承载力的发展趋势、总量和比例构成变化等进行了深入全 面的分析，并拓展分析了生态足迹计算结果的社会经济含义及其相应的政策指导意 义。研究结果显示：①生态足迹需求与生态承载力供给矛盾尖锐，1997--2006年， 该市人均生态足迹从1．158hm2上升到1．9539hm2，生态赤字由1997年的人均 O．7941hm2增加为2006年的1．616hm2 o②人均生态承载力呈递减趋势，其供给由1997 年的0．3639hm2减少到2006年的O．3379hm2，人均生态承载力比较低。02006年， 万元GDP占用生态足迹人均0．529hm2／104yuan，与其他区域横向比较，该市资源利 用效益低。④生态足迹多样性指数与发展能力指标的计算分析，很好地反映了该市 发展情况。本文最后进行了总结分析，提出了针对性的政策建议并就深化该项研究 展开了讨论。 关键词：生态足迹，可持续发展，多样性 AbstractEcological Abstract Ecological Footprim is a useful indicator for measuring the pressure imposed by humanity on natural capital and also a powerful indicator for regional sustainability．The Ecological Footprint(EF)is a measure of how much biologically productive land and water area which all individual，a country,a region or world requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb the wastes it generates，using prevailing technology and resource management schemes． In this study,the EF and BC of Yantai were calculated and compared according to the time-trend data from l 997 to 2006．The results showed that：@The ecological footprint per person increased from 1．1 58 hmz in 1 997 to 1．9539 hm2(global hectares)in 2006， and the county faced the ecological deficit of 1．6 1 6hmz in 2006．@The BC per person decreased from 0．3639 hm2 in 1997 to 0．3379 hm2 in 2006．And by comparing the results of EF calculations of Yantai with that of other regions such as China and its provinces，the status of development of Yantai has been significantly in low-level．@Additively,the study also calculated ecological footprint’S diversity and development capacity of Yantai based on the results of EF calculations；and then analyzed the correlations between ecological footptint’S diversity and ecological footprints per 1 0斗yuan(GDP)，development capacity and yuan(GDP)per person．@The study clearly demonstrates