Lesson four科技专业英语教学精品.pptVIP

科技专业英语 English for Specialized Science and Technology * * Melamine 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine； 2,4,6-Triamino-s-triazine symmetrical adj. 对称的, 均匀的 Para 对 Meta 间 Ortho 邻 凯氏定氮法（Kjeldahl method） False Positive 假阳性 * 科技英语中的被动语态The passive voice 被动语态的功能 1、强调行为的承受者，行为的承受者由于被置于话题(Topic)的主位(Thematic Position)上而得到强调。 2、隐藏动作的执行者/施事者，为何隐藏？两个原因：一是不知道动作的执行者是谁，而是指导动作的执行者是谁，但是说话人觉得不重要或不想道明，难以启齿。 Gunpowder was invented in China in the Song Dynasty. The window has been broken. * 科技英语中的被动语态The passive voice 被动语态的功能 3、使表述客观 I think that Pasteur is the father of biotechnology. It is thought that Pasteur is the father of biotechnology. * 科技英语中的被动语态The passive voice 被动语态的功能 4、使说话礼貌。 You are requested to give a performance. We request you to give a performance. Where can you be reached? Where can I reach you? * 科技英语中的被动语态The passive voice 被动语态的功能 5、避免语意模糊 The gas is carefully heated. People heat the gas carefully. Last night the patient was operated on the stomach 。 昨晚该病人胃部动了手术 。 * 被动语态应用实例 1、记述实验步骤 (1)本研究使用了Rhizopus oryzae ATCC 203344菌株。Rhizopus oryzae ATCC 20344 was used in this work. (2)本实验室分离了一株脂酶产生菌。 A lipase producing strain was isolated in this laboratory. (3)接种孢子悬液至3个2.0L摇瓶里，每个摇瓶装有800ml培养基。 The spore suspension was inoculated into three 2.0-L flask containing 800ml cultivation medium. * 被动语态应用实例 2、分析 Cell concentration was measured at OD660. Glucose and glutamate concentrations were measured enzymatically using a glucose analyzer. Protein concentration was determined as described by Hartree using BSA as standard. CO2 evolution, O2 up take, and lactate synthesis were measured. 3、处理数据 * 被动语态的翻译 汉语在使用被动态方面受到种种限制 《论语》——“不为酒困” 杜甫—— “茅屋为秋风所破” 《后汉书.贾复传》 —— “身被十二创” The patients unreasonable demand was refused by the doctor. “被”、“让”、“给”、“换”、“受”、“遭” 。 * 被动语态的翻译 一、翻译成汉语的主动句。 (1)?英语原文中的主语在译文中仍做主语。用?“加以”,?“经过”,?“用……来”等词来体现被动含义。 1.Other?questions?will?be?discussed?briefly.?其他问题将简单地加以讨论。? 2.Nuclear?powers?danger?to?hea