Lecture two Noun第二节学科知识.pptVIP

Reading comprehension Passage (Gist question: title, main idea, writer’s idea) Paragraphs ( Heading choice, locating information) Sentences (Short, long and complicated sentence) Clauses (Attribute clauses, nominative clauses, and adverbial clauses) Phrases (Verb phrases) Words ( n., v., adj., and key words) Noun Lecture 2 1.Classification of nouns 1.1 According to word formation, nouns can be divided into simple , compound and derivative nouns. A simple noun is a noun that contains only free morpheme. E.g.: man, chair, land. A compound noun is a noun that is composed of two or more morphemes. E.g.: armchair, roommate, farmland. A derivative noun is a noun that comes from a verb, an adjective or a simple noun with affix. E.g.: arrangement, greatness. 1.2. Proper and common nouns According to lexical meaning, nouns fall into two major categories: proper nouns and common nouns. Proper noun is a name used for a particular person, place or thing, and spelt with a CAPITAL initial letter. E.g.: Britain, The New York Times Common noun is a name common to a class of people, things or abstract ideas. Common noun can be further classified into: individual noun: boy, house, tiger collective noun: family, team, police material noun: air, snow, bread abstract noun: failure, education, honesty 1.3. Count and noncount nouns According to grammatical form, nouns can be divided into two classes: count nouns and noncount nouns. Count noun is a noun that has a plural and which can collocate with numbers and with such determiners as a(n), many, few, those, etc. E.g.: a car, two cars, many cars Noncount noun is a noun that cannot go with the above-mentioned words. E.g.: bread, furniture 2.Function of nouns subject: E.g.: The boy broke his arm yesterday. object: E.g.: We lost our way. complement: E.g.: Mark is considered a good officer. attribute