LAB 3-7大分子物质的水解实验和IMVIC实验教学精品.pptVIP

实验三－七  大分子物质的水解实验和IMVIC实验 ;When identifying a suspected organism, you inoculate a series of differential media After incubation, you then observe each medium to see if specific end products of metabolism are present. This can be done by adding indicators to the medium that react specifically with the end product being tested, giving some form of visible reaction such as a color change. The results of these tests on the suspected microorganism are then compared to known results for that organism to confirm its identification. ;1、Macromolecules hydrolysis Exoenzymes diastase（amylase）、protease、 lipase endoenzymes Starch hydrolysis Some bacteria are capable of using starch as a source of carbohydrate but in order to do this, they must first hydrolyze or break down the starch so it may enter the cell. The bacterium secretes an exoenzyme which hydrolyzes the starch by breaking the bonds between the glucose molecules. This enzyme is called a diastase（amylase）. ;Starch hydrolysis;protein hydrolysis Proteins are made up of various amino acids linked together in long chains by means of peptide bonds. Many bacteria can hydrolyze a variety of proteins into peptides (short chains of amino acids) and eventually into individual amino acids. They can then use these amino acids to synthesize their own proteins and other cellular molecules or to obtain energy. The hydrolysis of protein is termed proteolysis and the enzyme involved is called a protease. ;protein hydrolysis; 2、fermentation of carbohydrates Facultative anaerobic and anaerobic bacteria are capable of fermentation, an anaerobic process during which carbohydrates are broken down for energy production. A wide variety of carbohydrates may be fermented by various bacteria in order to obtain energy and the types of carbohydrates which are fermented by a specific organism can serve as a diagnostic tool for the identification of that organism. We can detect whether a specific carbohydrate is fermented by looking f