基于声品质评价的摩托车噪声改进研究-车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

重庆大学硕士学位论文中文摘要 重庆大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要 I I 摘 要 随着摩托车工业的发展及人民生活品质的提高，人们选购摩托车的标准除了优良的 性能和可靠的质量外，对摩托车的 NVH 性能要求越来越高。而其中的噪声问题直接影响 着品牌形象和消费者的选购，所以声品质问题已引起了摩托车制造企业的极大关注。但 是目前国内外利用声品质的研究成果来指导产品开发设计的应用还不是很多。 本文运用声品质的相关理论来指导摩托车的噪声改进。运用数值仿真方法改善原消 声器的噪声辐射情况，并通过对消声器护板进行结构优化等措施达到了提高整车声品质 的目的。 通过各工况下摩托车整车声强试验，掌握摩托车的噪声辐射情况，确定影响这款摩 托车声品质较差的主要因素，结合心理声学参数分析其频谱，提出了改进建议；针对护 板进行了声强试验，发现护板产生严重的再生噪声；通过加速谱阵分析试验验证了护板 的共振问题；对发动机异响问题运用频谱分析、包络分析和时域信号分析等多种方法找 出了异响原因，确定了提高声品质需改进的对象。 依据试验分析结果，有针对性提出了快捷、成本低、易实现的声品质改进措施。通 过寻找目标声样本，比较两者消声特性差异，对原消声器进行了多种方案的内部结构改 进，通过有限元法对各种方案进行了传递损失的仿真计算，比较其声学性能优劣，从中 选择了两种方案作为最终消声器试制方案；对护板进行了约束模态计算，针对仿真结果 反映的问题，对其进行了结构优化，通过加筋、增加厚度及增加固定点等措施，提高了 固有频率，减少了再生噪声的辐射。 根据选择的消声器方案加工样件，采集相应声信号进行处理，进行主客观评价试验。 统计试验结果表明，改进方案的主观偏好性得分均得到明显提高，改进措施达到了提高 原车声品质的目的。 关键词：摩托车，声品质，偏好性，噪声源识别，有限元 重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要 重庆大学硕士学位论文 英文摘要 II II ABSTRACT With the development of industrial technology of motorcycle and the improvement of peoples life quality, there is an increasing focus on the NVH in addition to excellent performance and reliable quality when people choose a motorcycle. The noise problem directly influences the product image and consumer’s purchase, so the research on sound quality has attracted great concern by majority of the motorcycle manufacturing enterprises. But the application of academic achievements of sound quality to guiding new product design is not a lot by now. In this paper, numerical simulation method was used to control the noise radiation of muffler to improve the sound quality according to related theory. And other measures such as optimizing the structure of cover were also used to improve the sound quality. The sound intensity test in various operating conditions was carried out, and the characteristic of noise radiation was studied, so the primary factor influencing its sound quality was confirmed and some programs were suggested according to the difference in psycho-acoustic parameters and the frequency spectrum. Then the sound power of cover was tested because it was possi