英语国家社会与文化 考试要点.docVIP

「英语国家社会与文化」期末考试要点 Part I Blank Filling (每小题1分，共35分) Britain is a constitutional monarchy the head of state--Queen elizabeth II the head of government--prime minister The official name of UK--United Kingdom of Great Britain and northern Ireland The defensive fortification in northern England built from AD 122--Hadrians Wall The flag of the united kingdom--Union Jack, Red Cross of Saint patrick - Ireland The Cross of saint George - England The Cross of saint Andrew - Scotland British civil wars (1455-1485)--Wars of the Roses The United States of American is a federal constitutional republic, the capital district--Washington, D.C. states--50个（除Alaska State 和Hawaii State 之外的48个在本土） The fist permanent settlement in north America--Jamestwon（English 1607） The national government after the war of independence was won--the United States Constitution was ratified in 1788，the new republic’s first Senate, House of Representatives, and president--George Washington--took office in 1789. In 1492，the discovery of Columbus--In 1942，Christopher Columbus, under contract to the Spanish Crown, reached “La Florida” Mayflower--the Pilgrim ship that in 1620 made the historic voyage from England to the New World. Mayflower master Christopher Jones In 1063，Martin Luther King for civil rights British favorite public sport--football Rugby school is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain --rugby OXBRIDGE--the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge On December 7，1941，Japanese attacked on pearl harbor ,which led the pacific war broke out. The United States entered the war formally, and isolationism vanished overnight Symbols of the American Two parties are the elephant and donkey , which represents the Republican and the Democratic Party bride新娘 groom新郎 bridesmaid伴娘 the best man伴郎 bride’s father新娘的爸爸 priest神职人员（男） In the 1980s, when the conservative party u