解读丁香的种子繁殖和嫁接繁殖.docVIP

解读丁香的种子繁殖与嫁接繁殖 Interpretation of clove seed breeding and grafting propagation 丁香为丁香花的简称,又名紫丁香、百结花等,为木樨科香花属落叶灌木或小乔木。植株高4~5m,树皮暗灰色或灰褐色,有沟裂,枝条润滑无毛。叶卵圆形或肾脏形,先端锐尖,叶基心脏形,全缘,革质。初春开花,花单瓣或重瓣,开于前年小枝上,顶生或腋生,花端四裂,筒状,呈圆锥花序,瓣柔色紫,幽香袭人,为我国着名园林花卉。丁香花花期4~5月,9~10月蒴果成熟。紫丁香喜光,稍耐阴,荫地能生长,但花量少或无花;耐寒性较强;耐干旱,忌低温;喜潮湿、肥美、排水良好的土壤。可播种、扦插、嫁接、压条、分株繁衍。 Clove is short for lilac, also known as lilacs, hundreds of flowers, etc., for clover robinia genus deciduous shrubs or small trees. Plant 4 ~ 5 m tall, bark dark gray or beige, grooved, lubrication branches glabrous. Lobes ovoid or kidney form, apex sharp tip, leaf base shape heart, entire, leathery. Early spring flowering, a single or double, flower sprigs on the same as the year before, or the altar, four flower end crack, tubular, a panicle, disc and soft colors purple, fragrant attacks, for our country the famous garden flowers. Lilacs bloom 4 ~ 5 month, 9 ~ 10 month capsule to mature. Resistance to lilac like light, a little dark, the shadow can grow, but spend less or no flowers; Strong cold tolerance; Resistance to drought, avoid is cold; Hi moist, fertile and well drained soil. Can be seeding, cutting, grafting, layering, points strains breeding. 9-10月份,蒴果由绿色变为黄褐色,为种子成熟标志,应立刻连同果枝剪下,以防种子流失。从小枝上采集果穗后及时放入通风枯燥的室内阴干,不宜曝晒,以免种子强度失水而丧失生命力。在室内堆放厚度4~5cm,并经常翻动使其渐渐阴干,待有2/3蒴果开裂时,即可用柳条或其他木棒抽打脱粒,除去毗籽即得净籽。用清水浸泡种子,每5d换1次水,1个月后捞出用0.03%的高锰酸钾消毒2h,然后停止催芽(可常温也可加温),但要经常翻动。选择土质疏松肥美的砂质土壤、排水良好、较枯燥的地块,做生长10m、宽1.5m、高15~20cm的高床,底肥施碳铵150~225kg/hm2、腐熟有机肥30~45t/hm2,并用硫酸亚铁150kg/hm2或退菌特150~225 kg/hm2停止土壤消毒。秋季播种,秋播种子不用处置,采种后即在10月下旬播种,播幅宽8cm,行距宽20cm,沟深2~3cm,覆土厚度2.0~2.5cm,播后秋灌,以利保墒。翌年春发芽早,出苗也划一。春季播种,处置过的种子经过催芽有30%种子裂嘴露白,4月下旬开端播种,技术同秋播。实验标明,春播比秋播效果好,固然出苗迟,但出苗划一,出苗率较高,而且生长略高。 September - October, capsule from green into brown, as the seed mature symbol, should immediately along with the branch cut, to prevent loss of seeds. From small branches after gathering grain timely put in ventilated dry room in order, unfavorable and insolate, avoid seed intensity of water loss and loss