不同种类有机肥氮素有效性研究.PDF

中国农学通报 2016,32(2): 118-123 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 不同种类有机肥氮素有效性研究 1 2 周 博 ，周建斌 1 2 （杨凌职业技术学院，陕西杨凌712100 ；西北农林科技大学，陕西杨凌712100） 摘 要：为科学施用畜禽有机肥，在盆栽试验条件下，采用番茄生物耗竭法研究不同有机肥（4 种鸡粪、2 种猪粪和3 种牛粪）的氮素有效性。结果表明：鸡粪、猪粪和牛粪分别平均使番茄氮素携出量提高了 14.06% 、6.61%和7.48% ，分别平均使番茄地上部分生物量（干重）提高了28.63% 、7.75%和12.28%。鸡粪 的平均氮素利用率和当量矿质氮率分别为37.79%和40.73% ，显著高于猪粪（9.12%和10.93% ）和牛粪 （13.36%和15.71% ）。不同种类有机肥的氮素特性虽然有差异，但均具有明显的氮素有效性。 关键词：日光温室；盆栽试验；有机肥；氮素有效性 中图分类号：S625.5 文献标志码：A 论文编号：cas NitrogenAvailabilityofDifferentTypesofOrganicManure ZhouBo,ZhouJianbin1 2 1 (YanglingVocationandTechnicalCollege,YanglingShaanxi712100; 2CollegeofResourceandEnvironment,NorthwestA&FUniversity,YanglingShaanxi712100) Abstract:Thispaperstudiedtheeffectivenessoforganicnitrogeninthesoilofsolargreenhouse,andprovided atheoreticalbasisforscientificfertilization. Inatomatopotexperiment,biologicaldepletionmethodwasused tostudy thenitrogenavailabilityofdifferentkindsoforganic manure (fourchicken,twopigandthreecattle manure samples). The results demonstrated that chicken manure, pig manure and cattle manure could significantlyincreasetomatobiomassandtheuptakeofnitrogen.Thetomatoabovegroundbiomassesincreased by28.63%,7.75%and 12.28%respectively,andthenitrogenabsorptionamountincreasedby 14.06%,6.61% and 7.48% respectively.The nitrogenutilizationrateandtheequivalentmineralnitrogenrate ofchicken manure was 37.79%and 40.73% respectively,significantlyhigherthan those ofpigmanure(9.12%and 10.93%