硬厚覆岩正断层附近采动应力演化特征-岩土力学-中国矿业大学.PDF

第31 卷 第6 期 采矿与安全工程学报 Vol.31 No.6 2014 年11 月 Journal of Mining Safety Engineering Nov. 2014 文章编号：1673-3363-(2014)06-0881-071 硬厚覆岩正断层附近采动应力演化特征 蒋金泉，武泉林，曲华 ( 山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，山东 泰安 271002) 摘要 硬厚覆岩断层影响下采动应力出现奇异性。采用三维数值模拟方法，研究了工作面向正断 层推进、上盘工作面沿正断层布置的采动应力演化特征。研究表明：断层显著削弱了硬厚覆岩的 采动应力传播，应力阻隔效应十分突出，顶板断层带处于低应力状态，底板断层带处于应力集中 状态。上盘工作面向正断层推进时，工作面与断层之间覆岩呈“倒楔形”，采动应力高，是灾害 防治的重点区域；断层外侧覆岩呈“楔形”，采动应力低于原岩应力。下盘工作面向正断层推进 时，断层两侧采动应力不高。在断层带影响下，工作面端头外侧煤体上形成强承载区。上盘工作 面沿正断层走向布置时，在断层煤柱和工作面前方形成高应力集中区，回采巷道采动应力集中突 出，是重点治理区域。 关键词 正断层；硬厚覆岩；采动应力分布；演化特征 中图分类号 TD 323 文献标志码 A Evolutionary characteristics of mining stress near the hard-thick overburden normal faults JIANG Jinquan ，WU Quanlin ，QU Hua (State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-Founded by Shandong Province and Ministry of Science and Technology，Shandong University of Science and Technology，Tai’an，Shandong 271002，China) Abstract Mining stress appears singularity under the influence of faults of hard thick overburden. By using three-dimensional numerical simulation method, the evolutionary characteristics of mining stress with the working face advancing to normal faults and layout along normal faults have been stud- ied ．Research shows that normal faults significantly weaken the mining stress transmission of hard thick overburden and hence, the prominent obstruction of mining stress. Roof fault zone is in a low stress state, while the stress is concentrated in the bottom fault zone. When hanging wall is advancing to nor- mal faults, the overburden between working face and faults becomes “inverte