产妇产后母乳喂养情况调查及相关因素分析.doc

产妇产后母乳喂养情况调查及相关因素分析 何静妍1刘品佳2何苑仪3 【摘要】目的了解某地区6月龄以内婴儿的母乳喂养情况，并探讨影 响婴儿母乳喂养的因素，提出改善对策。方法以随机抽样的方式，选取某地区 420例小于6月龄的婴儿和产妇，采用问卷调查的形式调查产妇喂养情况。结果 420例婴儿中，纯母乳喂养228例(54.29%),混合喂养171例(40.71%),人工 喂养21例(5.00%);婴儿纯母乳喂养与否在母亲文化程度、分娩方式、孕周、 婴儿出生体重、有无早接触早吮吸、婴儿奶瓶使用情况、母亲接受母乳喂养教育 情况这些方面存在显著差异(Plt;0.05)；添加代乳品的婴儿主要是因为乳汁分 泌不足，占151例(78.65%),添加代乳品的决定者主要是产妇自己，达到99 例(51.56%)。结论婴儿的母乳喂养情况不太良好，影响母乳喂养的因素较多， 应当根据影响因素积极开展干预措施，提高母乳喂养率。 【关键词】母乳喂养；相关因素；调查；促进 Investigation and analysis of the status of maternal postpartum breast feeding [Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of breast feeding to the babies under 6 months and explore the factors that affect the breast feeding, then put forward the countermeasures of the improvement. Methods A random sample of 420 cases of infants less than 6 months and mothers were selected,A questionnaire survey was used to investigate the maternal feeding status. Results In the 420 infants, 228 cases (54.29%) were breast fed, 171 cases (40.71%) were mixed, and 21 cases (5%) were fed with artificial diet. The maternal culture, delivery, gestational age, birth weight, infant milk bottle usage, mother breast feeding education were significantly different (Plt;0.05); The infants using milk replacer was mainly due to the shortage of breast milk secretion, accounting for 151 (78.65%), which was decided by the mothers themselves, reaching 99 cases (51.56%). Conclusion The babies breast feeding situation was not good, and there were many influence factors. So the intervention measures should be carried out actively based on the influence factors to improve the breast feeding rate. 【Key words】 breast feeding； related factors； investigation； promotion 母乳含有婴儿生长发育所需的各种营养物质和免疫抗体等，并且苏容易吸收， 是婴儿最为理想的食物。对于母亲而言，母乳喂养能够促进产后恢复，增进母子 的亲情交流，促进情感联系，有利于婴儿的心理发育和智力、身体等的发育［1］。 因此，提倡母乳喂养是优生优育的一项非常重要的措施。本组研究对某地区的6 月龄以内婴儿母乳喂养情况进行随机抽样调査，现做如下报告。 对象与方法 一般资料 于2015年7~10月，以随机抽样的方式，选取某地区的420例小于6月龄的 婴儿和产妇，进行母乳喂养的相关调查，所选取对象排除因健康因素而导致的非 母乳喂养者。婴儿平均月龄为（0.7plusmn;1.2）月，产妇年龄（21.8plusmn;6.4） 岁，产妇大专及以上学历285人，高