哈贝马斯的公民理论-政治学理论专业论文.docx

Abstract：“Citizenship”is Abstract： “Citizenship”is one basic term in the political philosophy,and there are two completely different,Cell competitive，theory traditions of citizenship in the wcsL One of them originated in the classical RepubHcanism of Aristotle，and the other came from the Liberalism of John Locke．Based on the reflection of modernity,Rousseau criticized the separated citizenship of Locke，and regressed to Al_istofles pubHc citizenship．After this, ＆njantln Constant advanced two kinds of Hberties，“the ancients’liben旷and“the modernist’S liberty,and argued the two traditions both had their own problems，SO We should combine them together．Afterward,the growing up of the Corpomtism madc 飞咖unity，’ and “membership”the center of political philosophy．However the nonobjective opposite relationship between the two traditions WaS strengthened at the COSt of the comprehensive understanding at the same time． Following the way of Constant,Habermas applies himself to integrating and exceeding the two opposing citizenship traditions．He has explained the interdependent relationship of human rights’’and“dominion’。and also put forward the theory of Communicative Action and Communicative Ethnics．Basing On these theories，he indicates how the private and public autonomy of citizens mutually presuppose each other,and sews up the two citizenship traditions consequently．According to him，On one hand,only ff the pdvate autonomy is protected equally and sufficiently independent,can citizens make use of the public autonomy properly．On the other hand,only if the pubHc autonomy is exercised rightly,call citizens be regulated unanimously in the way of the private autonomy．Furthermore，the immanent relation between the private autonomy and the public autonomy needs a system of rights which should be accepted by all of the citizens．This system is consisted of five sorts of abstract rights：the basic right of negative liberty,the membership right,the tight of legitimate process，the politi