混流式水轮机转轮结构及优化设计-机械工程专业论文.docx

摘要摘 摘要 摘 要 对于混流式水轮机，影响水电站机组安全、运行效率的因素有很多，如蜗 壳、固定导叶、活动导叶、转轮以及尾水管等水力通道中的部件，都对水轮机 的效率有影响；但转轮是水轮机组的核心部件，对水轮机的效率有着决定性的 影响，所以水轮机转轮的优化设计是整个水轮机设计中最重要的部分。 近十年，流体力学研究工具CFX(计算流体动力学)已经在流体机械的设计， 尤其是在优化设计中得到广泛的应用，成为水轮机转轮设计的主流工具。使用 先进的CFX技术与模型试验技术相结合，可以开发出具有优良性能的水轮机转 轮，大大缩短水轮机设计开发周期，降低开发成本，并可准确地进行性能预测， 提高水轮机水力设计的质量。论文应用ANSYS．CFXl 1．O仿真软件对水轮机转轮 叶片的三维流动及能量分布进行数值计算、模拟仿真，对修型后叶片的各项性 能指标进行分析，通过优化设计得到叶片厚度的最佳改变量，为减小转轮振动、 涡列和控制振动等方面提出新的改进方法。 论文主要内容是：1、分析研究引起水轮机水力振动的原因，并且通过对转 轮的优化设计减少和控制水力振动，达到水轮机在最优工况时具有最佳运行效 率；2、对转轮叶片削薄，应用CFX技术进行数值模，优化设计水轮机叶片．研 究表明，将基于有限元法的结构分析仿真技术应用于水轮机转轮结构优化设计 分析，可以缩短研制周期，降低开发成本，具有重要的理论意义及工程实际意 义． 关键词：混流式水轮机；转轮；优化设计；CFX；数值模拟 ABSTRACTABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT For Francis turbine，there many factors that may affect the efficiency of turbine，for example，spiral case，stay vane，wicket gate，runner，draft tube and flow parts in side hydraulic passage，all do effect the efficiency of turbine；and also the is the nucleus of the turbine and has decided influence turbine efficiency,SO the optimization design to the of turbine is the most important part in turbine design． In recent ten years，a technical tool of flow mechanics-CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) has been widely used in the field of fluid machine design，especially in the field of the optimization design of fluid machine，and it has been main means in turbine design．We Can develop excel lent turbine with much better abilities by the combination of CFX method and model test technology，which has greatly promoted the development of turbine technique， shortened the period of turbine design，reduced cost．It also predict abilities of turbine accurately，and improved the quality of turbine hydraulic design technology remarkably．Papers of ANSYS．CFX 11．0 simulation software to the turbine runner leaves the three—dimensional flow and energy distribution of numerical simulation，the repair of the leaves after the performance analysis，carries the analysis after the repairing leaf blade’S each performance index，obtains the leaf blade