几种不同类型除草剂对菘蓝田杂草防除效果及其残留分析-农药学专业论文.docxVIP

通过气相色谱．质谱联用及液相色谱．质谱联用技术研究5种除草剂在菘蓝植株中 通过气相色谱．质谱联用及液相色谱．质谱联用技术研究5种除草剂在菘蓝植株中 的残留消解情况，以评价这5种药剂对菘蓝的食用安全性。样品经乙腈提取，活性炭 ．氨基二合一小柱净化，2种土壤处理剂采用气相色谱．质谱联用仪检测，3种茎叶处 理剂采用液相色谱．质谱联用仪检测。结果表明，二甲戊灵、精异丙甲草胺、高效氟 毗甲禾灵、精喹禾灵和草除灵在O．01～5 mg／L范围内线性关系良好，相关系数分别为 0．9990、O．9994、O．9991、0．9993、0．9990；在菘蓝植株的添加回收率分别为：84．03～91．69、 79．27-89．36、83．20-101．10、78．17～94．51、72．37～79．44，相对标准偏差分别为 2．49％-3．63％、2．93％-7．20％、2．66％～8．64％、4．09％～8．73％、2．62％～4．81％；5种除 草剂在菘蓝中的消解均符合一级动力学方程，其中高效氟吡甲禾灵、精喹禾灵和草除 灵在菘蓝中的半衰期分别为3．17 d、2．55 d、1．67 d；收获期的各药剂菘蓝残留量均低 于其最小检出浓度，低于欧盟和日本规定的最高残留限量。 关键词：菘蓝；除草剂；药效；消解；残留 万方数据 The The Control Efficacy of Different Types of Herbicides against Weeds in Isatis indigotica Fort Field and the Residue Analysis Author：Shao Mingxia Advisors：He Yunzhuan Major：Pesticides Abstract lsatis indigotica Fort is biennial herbaceous plants belonging to the family of Cmciferae．It is used as a traditional Chinese medicine．In the process of planting the上 indigotica is often subj ected to the harm of field weeds，which not only scramble the nutrient and the water in the soil with 1．indigotica，but also deteriorate environment and spread of plant diseases and insect pests，seriously affected the yield and quality of 1．indigotica。Artificial weeding needs a higher cost but have the low efficiency,SO it can not adapt the needs of large-scale cultivation．This article intends to screen the safe herbicides for L indigotica and can apply in the field．By toxicity tests and the field efficacy trial，meanwhile，study on the residue and degradation dynamics of selected herbicides，providing certain scientific basis for the safe use of herbicides in the L indigotica field．The main results were as follows： 1．Toxicity tests of herbicides The effects of 1 2 herbicides on the L indigotica were studied by the bioassay method of seeds germination and the pot—culture method．The result showed that，pendimethalin， s-metolachlor,napropamide and trifluralin in the six soil-applied herbicides were safe to I． indigotica on the recommended d