英语专四常用语法分类总复习汇总.pptVIP

专四语法总结 I. 主谓一致 意义一致和就近原则 连词not only...but also/ neither...nor/ or/ either...or/ not...but Not only the students but also the teacher is enjoying the film. Either he or I am right. 副词here/ there Here are my replies to your questions. There is an apple, two bananas and some oranges on the plates. 2. 以－s结尾的名词做主语的主谓一致 疾病名词： 单数：arthritis关节炎,bronchitis支气管炎，rickets软骨病，mumps腮腺炎，diabetes糖尿病 可作单数也可作复数： rickets软骨病，measles麻疹 游戏名称一般做单数，表示游戏所用镖等意义时用复数 Darts投镖，marbles打弹子游戏 Cards用复数：Cards are not allowed here. 地理名称 国名用单数 群山、海峡、瀑布用复数 The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant and animal life. Scissors, glasses, shorts, trousers一类词单独使用用复数，加上单位词，如a pair of 由单位词单、复数决定 －ings结尾的名词一般用复数 The clippings of the hedges are usually burnt. 特例 The only means to achieve success is to appeal to arms. All means have been tried out to increase agricultural production. 3. 集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police, people,cattle,militia民兵,poultry家禽等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如 foliage叶子,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise, 通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如： All the machinery in the factory is made in China.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。The city council is meeting to set its agenda.4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter. 4.并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 Egg and milk is a good breakfast. (这里的鸡蛋和牛奶都指一顿早饭，不可分割) Fish and chips(炸鱼土豆片 ) is a popular supper here. 当and连接的并列名词词组带有each, every或者many a 等限定词时，随后动词常用单数 Many a man and woman in this community finds himself or herself in need. Every boy and girl in the class is given a copy of the photo. 主语后跟有由as much as, rather than, more than, no less than, as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except等引导的结构或词组，取决于主语本身形式。 5. 表示数量的名词短语作主语 主语是“分数/百分数+of+名词”，动词的形式取决于中心名词的单复数形式。 e.g.Two thi