美国重症医学FCCM的基础教程急性呼吸竭的诊断和管理.pptVIP

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure Objectives Define and classify acute respiratory failure Describe pathophysiology of acute respiratory failure Discuss clinical manifestations Review oxygen supplementation strategies Discuss noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation Acute Respiratory Failure Hypoxemic Room air PaO2 ? 50 torr (6.7 kPa) Hypercapnic PaCO2 ? 50 torr (6.7 kPa) Acute vs chronic Pathophysiology of Hypoxemia Ventilation/perfusion mismatch Shunt effect Decreased diffusion of O2 Alveolar hypoventilation High altitude Pathophysiology of Hypercapnia Decreased