论我国城市流浪乞讨人员救助制度的完善.doc

论问过城市流浪乞讨人员救助制度的完善 摘 要 PAGE 18 PAGE 1 摘 要 改革开放以来，我国经济迅速发展和崛起，但同时社会矛盾也日益凸显，社会问题也层出不穷，城市流浪乞讨问题便是其中很有代表性的问题。针对此问题，我国先后出台了多项法律和政策，并且随着时代的发展日益完善。但是收容遣送制度的废止和救助管理制度的确立并没有完全解决许多城市所面临的流浪乞讨问题。 流浪乞讨问题的解决从根本上有赖于社会的进步和现代公民权利意识的健全。本文试图从公私权利界定以及制衡的角度出发，探讨对于流浪乞讨人员救助管理制度立法中所应遵循的宪法性原则，在维护城市居民公共利益和生活安宁的同时保护好流浪乞讨人员的迁徙自由以及生存权利。 《救助管理办法》的颁布无疑是历史的进步，充分展现了我国政府对人权事业的重视。但由于长期以来我国一直依靠行政强制解决流浪乞讨问题，使相对进步的实行“自愿救助”的新法很难与其他的法律和制度相配合，在加上管理机构的思想转变不够及时，使《救助管理办法》的实施出现很大问题。 在微观上，从《收容遣送条例》时期一直留下来的对未成年人、精神病人等特殊流浪乞讨人员的救助仍旧缺乏行之有效的办法，何以技能维护社会的公共利益又能够维护好这些相对缺乏“话语权”的无民事行为能力人的合法权益，仍旧是我们的立法，执法中亟待解决的问题。 本文从宏观和微观两个角度对现行救助管理制度的优缺点加以剖析，指出现行救助制度中缺乏系统化制度安排，执行效率底下的问题，并以此为基础提出多项解决方案。 关键字：城市流浪乞讨 公民生存权 救助制度 完善 ABSTRACT 目 录 PAGE 3 ABSTRACT Since reform and opening, Chinas rapid economic development and rise of social conflict but also increasingly prominent, social problems emerging, urban vagrants and beggars problem is one of the very representative of the problem. To solve this problem, China has introduced a number of laws and policies, and with the development of the times improved steadily.? However, the abolition of detention and repatriation system and the establishment of aid management has not fully resolved in many cities are facing the problem of stray begging.? Vagrants and beggars to solve the problem fundamentally depend on the progress of society and the integrity of the modern civil rights awareness.? This article attempts to define the rights and checks and balances from the private and public point of view of Administration of Relief for Vagrants and Beggars in the legislation system of constitutional principles to be followed, the public interest in the maintenance of city residents and live in peace while protecting freedom of movement of vagrants and beggars and?right to life.? Measures for Assisting is undoubtedly the promulgation of historical progress, and fully demonstrates our governments attention on the human rights cause. However, as has long been relying on administrative enforceme