自动换刀加工中心.docVIP

PAGE 2 加工中心盘式刀库自动换刀设计说明书 PLC编程课题研修 设 计 说 明 书 设计课题： 自动换刀加工中心 专业班级： 学生姓名： 学 号： 指导老师： 宁波技师学院电气技术系 二零一一年三月 摘 要 90年代以来，数控加工技术得到迅速的普及和发展。加工中心作为新时代数控机床的代表，已在机床领域广泛使用。自动换刀装置作为加工中心最重要的部分之一，它的发展也直接决定了加工中心的发展。本论文完成的是加工中心盘式刀库的传动设计、结构设计以及传动部分的动力设计。这种刀库在数控加工中心上应用非常广泛，其换刀过程简单，换刀时间短，定位精度高；总体结构简单、紧凑，动作准确可靠；维护方便，成本低。本刀库满载装刀20把，采用单环排列方式放置，按就近选刀原则选刀。本次设计中的机械手采用单臂双手式机械手，这种机械手的优点是可以同时完成插刀和拔刀动作，结构简单，换刀时间短。 关键词：　加工中心；盘式刀库；机械手；自动换刀装置 目 录 摘要································································1 目录································································2 1 加工中心························································4 1.1加工中心的分类··············································4 2 刀库···························································5 2.1刀库的主要构件··············································5 2.2刀库的特点··················································5 3 刀库的设计及计算···············································7 3.1确定刀库容量···············································7 3.2 确定刀库形式···············································7 3.3初步估计刀库驱动转矩及选定电机·····························7 4 加工中心刀具库换刀方式·········································10 5 加工中心刀库定位控制应用·······································11 5.1控制要求························································11 5.2 刀库输入/输出及内部继电器地址分配···························11 6 刀库控制的程序设计·············································12 6.1 PLC接线图·················································12 6.2自动换刀程序流程图··········································13 6.3 自动换刀程序梯形图·············································15 6.4 PLC程序工作原理················································19 7 元器件的选择·····················································22 8 元器件清单······················································24 总结··································