Homework 7 How to generate high-quality true randomness by 课件.ppt

Diceware Tables for Generating Routing Strings Right 1 2 3 4 5 6 Left 1 A B C D E F 2 G H I J K L 3 M N O P Q R 4 S T U V W X 5 Y Z 0 1 2 3 6 4 5 6 7 8 9 Table 1. Alphanumeric characters Rolling a pair of dice and look up each roll in the appropriate table. Example A roll where the left die is 4 and the right die is 2 results in the letter T. 精品文档 Homework 7 How to generate high-quality true randomness by hand Advisor: Prof. Jen-Chang Liu Graduate Student: Yi-Ching Chen(陳怡靜) 　　　　　　　　 (Proposed by Arnold G. Reinhold) 精品文档 Motive Generating randomness by computer offers numerous opportunities for error and attack. Simple dice present an attractive alternative if used properly. This paper presents a number of techniques for using dice in conjunction with modern cryptographic software. 精品文档 Introduction PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) 提供e-mail和檔案儲存程式的安全認證加密的服務 Many PGP users choose weak passphrases. For the users adopting stronger passphrases, Reinhold have developed a Diceware Passphrase Generator. Diceware Passphrase simple technique for creating short, memorable pass-phrases that are highly secure. requiring no computer hardware or software. 精品文档 Diceware Passphrase The Diceware Passphrase Generator is a word list indexed so that words can be randomly selected by tossing five dice. The list contains 7776 (= 65)short English words, abbreviations and easy to remember character strings. Example 16655 clause 16656 claw 16661 clay 16662 clean 16663 clear 16664 cleat 16665 cleft 16666 clerk 21111 cliche 21112 click 21113 cliff 21114 climb 精品文档 Word List Rolling five dice and they came up 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, your next pass phrase word would be cliff. A printed copy of the word list format the word list with 4 columns and 54 lines per page. (63 = 4?54) You will get a neat, 36 page printout in which the first two dice throws are constant for each page. How long should the passphrase be? Reinhold would recommend a five word passphrase f