[CPS历史]统一与分裂_中国历史的启示.pdfVIP

·95 · 　　　　　　史 　学 　月 　刊 　　　　　　　　　　　 2006 年 　　第 12 期 ·史学理论与史学史 · 统一与分裂 : 中国历史的启示 赵 　毅 ( 辽宁师范大学 明清史研究中心 ,辽宁 大连 116209) [ 关键词] 分裂 ;统一 ; 中国历史 [摘　要] 中国历史是一连绵不断的演进过程 , 国家统一、民族团结的内聚力不断增强。自春秋战国至 清前期 ,虽曾经历了三次社会大分裂 ,但最终还是走向了秦汉、隋唐和元明清三次大统一。统一的时间越 来越长 ,统一的规模越来越大 ,统一的制度基础越来越坚实。分裂的代价逐渐为人们所认识 ,统一的意义 逐渐为人们所肯定。传统的古代社会 , 以战争方式谋求统一 ,几乎成为不二铁律。在当代世界 , 以和平方 式谋求国家统一 ,成为人们更理性更睿智的选择 ,但这只是寻求国家统一方式的发展趋势 ,能否成为不二 铁律尚待人类历史实践的检查。 [ 中图分类号] K03 　[ 文献标识码] A 　[文章编号] (2006) Reunif ication and Split : A Lesson from Chinese History ZHAO Yi ( ) Research Center of Ming and Qing History , L iaoning N ormal Universit y , Dalian 116209 , L iaoning , Chi na Keywords :split ; reunification ; Chinese history Abstract :Chinese history is one of continuous evolution with national unity as the dominant power. From Spring and Autumn period to Qing dynasty , the country experienced three social divisions , but eventually moved toward the Qin and Han , Sui and Tang , Yuan , Ming and Qing general unifications. In the course , the time of unification became lon ger , and the scale became larger , the basis stronger. The heavy costs of split were gradually realized , and unification was highly appreciated. Traditionally ancient society resorted to war for unification , and that almost became a standard iron law. In the contemporary world , nations apply peaceful means to seek reunification as a more rational choice , but weather it ca