2019版二轮复习英语练酷版练习：专题二 习题讲评 课四.docVIP

段中位置题的思考点(二)——因果、转折、例证关系 四、 根据因果关系解题 [典例]　(2017·北京高考片段) ... One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. ... A．We should also try to sleep well the night before. E．That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. [解析]　选E　此题从行文逻辑上判断属因果关系。空前一句的意思是，有一种观点认为，睡眠有助于增强新的记忆，选项E(那就是为什么学生如果能在学习之后有机会睡觉的话，他们就会在考试中发挥更好)是上文产生的结果。该项中的That指代的就是前面的观点，因此正确答案为E。 [增分技巧]　表示因果关系的词有：so/therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ..., so that ...等。 五、 根据转折关系解题 [典例]　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ片段) ... Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 ， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. ... A．While all of them are useful C．If you’re experimenting with a color [解析]　选A　此题属转折关系，前句讲的是“有几种技巧帮助设计者”，空后句意为“它们会有一点复杂”，显然前后句意有“转折”，故A项符合语境。 [增分技巧]　表示转折或对比关系的词有：but, however, yet, while/though, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, yet, on the contrary, in contrast/comparison 等。 六、 根据例证关系解题 [典例]　(2016·全国卷Ⅰ片段) ... There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” ... B．In any language, some letters are used more than others. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. [解析]　选E　本题采用的思维方式是演绎(从观点到例子)，空格后的句子是例子，即“For example, the first letters of ‘My elephant eats too many eels’ spell out the hidden message ‘Meet me.’”。故选E项。 [增分技巧]　例证关系表示前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词有：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact,