初中现在完成时讲解练习及答案.doc

A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。现在完成时跨在两个时间之上，一是过去，一是现在。它的动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响（或结果），而这种影响（或结果）却往往是说话人的兴趣所在，所以常常后面不用时间状语。现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远，表近距离的。 　　eg. The car has arrived.　车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口） 　　　 Someone has broken the window.　有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） 　　现在完成时句子通常有recently，lately，since，for，in the past few months/years等词做时间状语。 　　 　肯定形式：have/has + done 　　 　否定形式：have/has + not +done 　 　　一般疑问句：have或has放于句首。 　　B．现在完成时的用法 　　1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。所以常常后面不用时间状语。现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远。 eg. He has gone to London. 　 He has been to London. 　　2）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用for和since表示一段时间的状语或so far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。 　　eg. He has studied English for 5 years. 　　　 He has studied English since 2001. 　　　 Now I have finished the work. 　　　 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。 　　3）现在完成时还可用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。 　　eg. I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework. 　　　 If it has stopped snowing in the morning，we will go to the park. 现在完成时练习 一、 单项选择。 1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ______whats happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B.never C.ever D.still 3、Have you met Mr Li ______？ A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago 4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 5、—Our country ______ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . A.has changed ; well B.changed ; good C.has changed ; better D.changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying 7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B. had known