地铁区间隧道烟气稳定层化长度和临界层化风速.PDFVIP

中国科技论文在线 地铁区间隧道烟气稳定层化长度与临界层 化风速 * 5 400045 摘要： FDS6.5.2 1 15 10 关键词： 中图分类号：X951 Smoke Stratification Length and Critical Stratification Velocity in a Metro Tunnel 15 WENG Miaocheng, SUN Xiang, LIU Yu (Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045) Abstract: In this paper, the dimensionless expressions of the stable smoke stratification length and the critical stratification wind velocity in metro tunnels were deduced via a dimensional analysis. The effect 20 of longitudinal velocity and cross section on the length of stability layer is analyzed based on the simulation data of FDS6.5.2. In addition, the prediction models of the smoke stratification length and the critical stratification velocity were established. The small scale experiments were conducted in a 1/15 scale tunnel constructed based on a real metro tunnel in Chongqing. The results show that the results obtained by the proposed prediction models agree well with those of small-scale model experiments. 25 Keywords: safety engineering; smoke stratification length; critical stratification wind velocity; dimensionless analysis method; small-scale model experiment 0 引言 统计表明，地铁区间隧道火灾造成人员伤亡绝大部分是由于吸入火灾有毒气体导致窒息 30 而亡[1]，因此，研究区间隧道火灾蔓延规律对于保障隧道受灾人员安全具有重要意义。隧道 内发生火灾时，可燃物燃烧产生热的烟气在自身的热浮力作用下，将在隧道上部形成烟气层 [2] 。在火灾早期稳定维持层化结构，使有毒有害气体保持在隧道的上部空间，将会有助于火 灾早期的人员疏散和逃生。当采用纵向通风时，隧道的纵向风与烟气层产生剪切，使烟气层 失稳而破坏这种分层结构。 35 研究表明，隧道发生火灾时，纵向风剪切作用下的隧道火灾烟气层一般分为三个区域（如