高中英语必修三情态动词语法.docx

-- -- 高中英语必修三 情态动词（  unit 1  ，unit 2） 一、情态动词的特点  : 1.没有人称和数的变化。 2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化 e.g. will → would , can  : →  could , may  dare→ might→dared, 二、情态动词的否定式 : 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 can not: cant , must not: mustnt , need not : neednt 三、情态动词的用法及相互区别 , 是考试的内容之一 1. can , be able to  be able to  表示经过努力后  , 能够做到  ; be able to  有多种形式的变 化。 can 1). 表示体力或脑力方面的能力 ; 2). 表示允许、可能性。 could 是 can 的过去式 , 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性  ; 用于疑问句表示委婉地 提出问题。 1) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to  (NMET 97 ) -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, __. My brother is coming to see me. (NMET99) A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont 2.may 表示询问或说明一件事可不可做  ; 表示某事有可能发生。  might  是  may  的过去 ; 用在疑问中比 may 委婉、客气。 -May I take this book out of the reading-room? -No, you mustnt. ( Yes, you may.) 2) -Might I make a suggestion? -Yes, you may. 3. must 1). 表示必须要做的事 2) 表示很有把握的推断  : 必须 : 一定 ,  准是。  have (has)to : have (has)got to  必须 ,  不得不。 过去式 : had to -Must I get to the station before three oclock? -Yes, you must. ( No, you neednt. ) Im afraid you will have to wait a while. She must be in the classroom now. Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago. (NMET 94) A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. may not 4. shall 在疑问句中 , 用于第一、三人称表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。 用于二、三人称 ,表示说话人给对方的 命令、警告、允诺等概念。 1) - Shall I place an order with you now? - No, you needn ’ t. -Shall he turn down the radio a bit? - Yes, please.(No, please dont.) You shall have the English book as soon as I finish it. Everything that he owns shall be taken away from him. Your brother seldom comes to see you, ____? A. does he B. doesnt he C. will he D. isnt he Its a fine day. Lets go fishing, ____? A. wont we B. will we C. dont we D. shall we 5. should  应该  ; 应当 You should listen to the doctors advice. You should study the article carefully. 6. will, would 1) 在疑问句中用于第二人称 ,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问。用 would 语气更加婉 转。 will 表示现在的习惯性动作或状态 ; would 表示过去的习惯性动作或状态