2016年中考英语第一轮话题复习 第16章 科普知识与现代技术课件.pptVIP

含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态结构为： 主语+情态动词+be+过去分词 注意否定形式一般是在情态动词后加not,而不是在be动词后加not. Anything here cant be touched. 这里的任何东西都不能碰。 被动语态的用法 1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。 This watch is made in China. 这块手表是中国制造的。 2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 More trees must be planted every year. 每年都必须种更多的树。 被动语态的用法 3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world。 世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 4. 句子的主语是物。 Many houses were washed away by the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲走了。 被动语态的特殊形式 1. 主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语时, 变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。 We saw an alien get out of the UFO. →An alien was seen to get out of the UFO. 2. 句中谓语是动词短语时, 变为被动语态时要注意其完整性。 Jack turned on the TV just now. →The TV was turned on by Jack just now. 被动语态的特殊形式 3．主动表被动。 (1)feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。 The dishes smell so delicious. 菜闻起来真香。 (2)有些动词, 如sell, cut, drive, wash, clean, write, open, lock等, 作为不及物动词，与副词连用常用主动形式表示被动意义。This kind of cloth washes well． 这种布料很好洗。 被动语态的特殊形式 3．主动表被动。 (3)be worth doing的主动语态表示被动含义。 This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 (4)want/ need+doing结构相当于“want/ need + to be done”,即不定式的被动结构。 My bike needs repairing.=My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行车需要修理。 主动语态变为被动语态 1.在主动句变为被动句时，要注意主动句和被动句中时态应该一致，同时还应该注意被动句中主语的人称和数要与谓语动词保持一致。主动语态和被动语态的转换形式主要方法： 第一步：把主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语，或宾格变成主格。 第二步：把主动语态的谓语变为be+过去分词。 第三步：把主动语态的主语放在介词by之后，或变宾格，用来说明动作的执行者，有时可以省略。 We asked him to sing a song. He was asked to sing a song by us. 主动语态变为被动语态 2.双宾语及物动词变成被动语态时，将间接宾语变为主语。动词有：give，send， take， bring， teach， show， tell， make， buy， pass。 They gave the children many good books. 他们给了孩子们很多好书。 →The children were given many good books. 或将直接宾语变为主语，并在间接宾语前加介词to。 →Many good books were given to the children. 主动语态变为被动语态 3.双宾语及物动词变成被动语态时，将间接宾语变为主语。动词有：buy，make，find，get。 Mother bought me a computer. →I was bought a computer by mother. 或将直接宾语变为主语，并在间接宾语前加介词for。 → A computer was bought for me by my mother. 妈妈给我买了一台电脑。 * 第十六章 科普知识与现代技术 教材内容 八年级上册 Unit7 Will people have robots? 八年级下册 Unit5 What were you