细胞粘附分子（研01）.pptVIP

三、CAMs在胚胎发育中的作用 胚胎发育所必须经历的阶段： 受精卵— 所有类型细胞 —个体 Gametogenesis 配子发生 Fertilization 受精 Cleavage (blastulae) 卵裂（囊胚） Gastrulation (gastrulae) 原肠运动（原肠胚） Neurulation (neurulae) 神经建成（神经胚） Organogenesis 器官形成 神经板卷曲形成神经管 2) CA-INDEPENDENT CAMs (Ig-like CAMs) members of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved cell-cell non-junctional adhesions single-pass transmembrane glycoproteins many isoforms, weaker interactions, changes of N-CAM expression in development N-CAMs: mostly homophilic (Neural CAM) I-CAMs: heterophilic (Intercellular CAMs (on activated endothelial cells) the extracellular side: 5 Ig-like repeats and 1-2 fibronectin (type III) repeats various extent of glycosylation the cytoplasmic side: variable, involved in cell signalling, binds to the cytoskel., to GPI or secreted no adhesion plaques (?) 分布 刺激物 整合素配体 ICAM-1 激活 IL－1， WBC 上的 LFA-1 EC等 TNF， Mac-1 IFNr ICAM-2 EC等 WBC上的 LFA-1 VCAM-1 激活 IL－1, Mono上的 VLA-4 EC TNF Lymph上的VLA-4 作用：与整合素一起，参与免疫、 炎症 反应，传递淋巴细胞的共刺激信号。 使淋巴细胞激活的信号： 抗原信号：第一信号 共刺激信号（第二信号）：由粘附分子介 导的信号。 B7-1－CD28， CTLA-4 （四）选择素家族（Selectin） 识别SLex的lectin(凝集素)的粘附分子。 单链，一次跨膜，胞外区从N端起依次为凝集素样区、表皮生长因子（EGF）样区和数个补体结合区。 配体为寡糖Slex、 Slea等 。 Major families of cell adhesion proteins. Cadherin are homophilic adhesion molecules Ig-superfamily are Ca2+ independent and participate in heterophilic and homophilic. Selectins bind carbohydrate groups on adjacent cells only in the presence of Ca2+ Hynes: TiCB: 9:M33 1999 Cadherins Ca 2+ -dep. homophilic adhesion functional unit = dimer Immunoglobin superfamily (CAMs) homophilic or heterophilic Selectins heterophilic P selectin + counter-receptor PSGL-1, glycosylated Integrins heterodimers, heterophilic bind to ECM, Ig-CAMs, cadherins