东北三省农业气候生产潜力及气候资源满足率的研究.docVIP

东北三省农业气候生产潜力及气候资源满足率的研究王 铭1，2 ，李秀军1 ， 东北三省农业气候生产潜力及气候 资源满足率的研究 王 铭1，2 ，李秀军1 ，刘兴土1 ，闫敏华1 ，王国栋1，2 ( 1. 中国科学院 东北地理与农业生态研究所，吉林 长春 130012; 2. 中国科学院 研究生院，北京 100049) 摘 要: 根据东北三省 87 个气象站点 1951 － 2006 年间的气象数据，分析计算了东北三省主要粮食作物玉米、大豆和水稻 的光合生产潜力、光温生产潜力、气候生产潜力以及温度、水分的满足率，并利用 GIS 技术分析了作物生产潜力的空间差 异。研究结果表明: 3 种作物的光合生产潜力与总太阳辐射有很大的相关性，且由西部向东部递减; 由于南北跨度大，各 地光温潜力差异较大，且从北到南呈带状增加趋势; 由于各地作物生育期内降水呈地带性分布，使得各地气候生产潜力具 有较大差异，并呈由西向东逐渐增加的趋势。在气候资源的满足率上，南部地区的温度和东部地区的降水都可较好满足作 物生长的需要，而北部地区和西部地区的生产潜力严重受到温度和降水条件的限制。图 8，表 4，参 11。 关键词: 农业气候生产潜力; GIS; 气候资源满足率 中图分类号: 文献标识码: 文章编号: 2095 － 2961 ( 2012) 01 － 0027 － 07 S162. 3 A Potential of Agricultural Climatic Productivity and Requirement Rate of Climatic Resources in Northeastern China WANG Ming1，2 ，LI Xiu-jun1 ，LIU Xing-tu1 ，YAN Min-hua1 ，WANG Guo-dong1，2 ( 1. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Changchun 130012，China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China) Abstract: Based on 46-year meteorological data collected from 87 meteorological stations in Northeastern China，the potentials of photo- synthetic productivity，photosynthesis-temperature productivity，climate productivity as well as the requirement rate for temperature and moisture in the main three crops were calculated. The spatial differences in crop productivity potential and natural climatic resources re- quirement rate in the region were analyzed using GIS. The potential of photosynthetic productivity is highly associated with total solar ra- diation，which decreases gradually from the west to the east of the region. Due to the greater latitude span，the potential of photosynthe- sis-temperature productivity increases from the north to the south significantly. As the rain belt distribution has a significant zonal differ- ence，the potential of climate productivity increases from the west to the east gradually. The temperature in the northern region and pre- cipitation in the eastern region can better meet the dema