unit-5-科技英语特点.pptVIP

科技英语翻译（1） 科技文体的句法特点及翻译方法 科技英语翻译（1） ——科技文体的句法特点及翻译方法 一、大量使用名词化结构。（名词化结构是指采用动词的名词化形式来表示动作意义的现象） 科技英语的文体特点是行文简练、结构整齐、严谨周密、逻辑性强，因此常采用名词性结构以表达客观的观点。 　Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves. 　　电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。 The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。 二、广泛使用被动语句。 据统计，科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动态，其原因在于在文体中过多地使用第一、二人称，会有主观臆断的印象。 Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine. 应当注意机器的工作温度。 三、常使用非限定性谓语动词。 科技文章行文简练，结构紧凑，因此，常使用非限定性谓语动词代替各种从句。 A direct current is a current flowing always in the same direction. 直流电是一种总是沿同一方向流动的电流。 Radiating from the earth, heat causes air currents to rise. 热量由地球辐射出来时，使得气流上升。 A body can more uniformly and in a straight line,there being no cause to change that motion. 如果没有改变物体运动的原因，那么物体将作匀速直线运动。 Materials to be used for structural purposes are chosen so as to behave elastically in the environmental conditions. 结构材料的选择应使其在外界条件中保持其弹性。 There are different ways of changing energy from one form into another. 将能量从一种形式转变成另一种形式有各种不同的方法。 五、科技文体常用句型。 科技文体中常使用特定的句型，如It...that...结构句型、被动句、分词短语句型、省略句等句型。 It...that...结构句型 It is evident that… It seems that… It has been proved that… It may be said that… 六 长句 The hope of early discovery of lung cancer followed by surgical cure, which currently seems to be the most effective form of therapy, is often thwarted by diverse biologic behavior in the rate and direction of growth of the cancer. 2. In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better off if smoking were banned altogether, but people are not ready for such drastic action. 科技英语的审美标准 1、真实美 All bodies consist of molecules and these of atoms. 译文一:所有的物体都由分子和原子所组成. 译文二:所有的物体都是由分子组成,而分子又是由原子组成. * copyright 2006 All Rights Reserved * 2、简洁美 It is a common property of any matter that is expanded when it is heated and it contracts when cooled 译文一:任何物质,如果遇到热,它就会膨胀,如果遇到冷,它就会收