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- 2019-05-02 发布于浙江
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A Brief Discussion on Translation Principles or Criteria Focus-in 1. Translation Principles or Criteria 2. Translation Practice 3.The course of Translation Traditional Chinese Translation Principles or Criteria 1.玄奘---“求真喻俗” 2.严复---“信、达、雅”(faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance) 3.鲁迅---一当然力求其易解,一则保存原作的丰姿 4.茅盾---“再现意境” 5.傅雷---“重神似而不重形似”(spiritual conformity) 6.钱钟书---“化境” (sublimed adaptation) 7.许渊冲---“译经” 8. 刘重德---“信、达、切” :信于内容、达如其份、切合风格 Translation Practice: And I do not mistrust the future; I do not fear what is ahead. For our problems are large, but our heart is larger. Our challenges are great, but our will is greater. Versions Analysis: 重形似: (按字面意思)而我不是不相信未来;我不害怕即将来临的事情。因为我们的问题是大的,但是我们的心更大。我们的挑战是大的,但是我们的决心更大。 重神似: 1.(按语义)我并非不相信未来,并不害怕将要面临的问题。问题会很多,但我们的心胸更宽广,面临的挑战很严峻,但我们的决心更坚定。 2. (Improved version) 我相信未来,不害怕会前方会出现什么问题。因为问题越多、挑战越严峻,我们的心胸会越宽广、决心会越坚定。 More Translation Practice 1. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to the market. 2. You are old enough to know better. 3. They were as much alike as two balls of cottons. 4. He is the last person I will ask for help. A Discussion on Translation Criteria: Extended Knowledge (知识拓展) Group discussion on translation criteria (1) Literal translation VS Free translation (2)Functional Equivalence VS Formal equivalence (3) Form VS Content (4) Source-oriented VS Target-oriented (5) Author-oriented VS Reader-oriented (6) The purpose of the author VS The purpose of the Translator Literal translation VS Free translation 直译和意译是两种最基本的翻译方法(标准) (一)直译 (literal translation/ not word-for-word translation ) :就是在译文语言条件许可时,在译文中既保持原文的内容,又保持原文的形式----特别指保持原文的比喻,形象的民族、地方色彩等。它不等于死译,硬译。 e.g.: crocodile tears; be armed to teeth; chain reaction; paper tiger“直译”的英语说法叫做literal translation,也即是“字面翻译”。但这并不能简单地理解为字对字、词对词的翻译,否则就难免会闹出笑话: How are you? *怎么是你? How old are you?*怎么老是你? Tom has a stop watch. *汤姆有一只停止不走的表。(正:汤姆有一只跑表。) 类似
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