玛纳斯河流域绿洲农业生态系统演替及可持续发展研究-作物栽培学与耕作学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

AbstractThis Abstract This paper studied the Oases succession process for the past 50 years in Manas river basin of the biggest agricultural district in Xirdiang．On the basis of analysis of ecological environmenK structure， function and productivity,the direction and key techniques for the sustainable development of Oases agriculture were put forward． The use of water resources for Oases in Manas river valley have experienced from large scale surface water exploration stage to surface water＆groundwater development stage and then to the high efficiency and economical stage．The use of farmland soil carl be separated into four stages in order：large-scale reclamation，large·scale abandoning，recovery and reconstruction and reclamation．The changing of ecological environment can be summed up the following respects：the artificial oases replacing the natural one，the artificial oases replacing the hungdnesstification (desertiflcation and salinization)and desertificati on replacing Oasesization．Farmlands in Oases have been enlarging constantly in the recent years，but at the same time the salinization areas also increases．Oasesization and desertification are always the two major aspects of succession in this region． Regional climatic condition has become warmer and wetter．The gap of humidity, temperature between years．wind—force and the days of d唪t and sand have reduced，and microclimate are toward to suitable for agriculture development and mankind living． The structure of oases agro-ecosystem was not sound for the agriculture development and the structure showed in simpliness．However，productivity and economy are still increasing with technologies such as good variety,planting pattern，field fertilization，which compensate the shortcomings of the simple agriculture structure．The stability index of Oases agro-ecosystem ranged from 0．4527 to 0．5819．a middle standard level partly lower．The order sorted in oases stability are alluvial-plain oases，alluvial-fan oases，deIta oasis．