毕业论文-船舶制冷控制系统的动态分析与优化设计.doc

东海科学技术学院本科生毕业论文 PAGE I 船舶制冷控制系统的动态分析与优化设计 摘 要 随着科技的发展，人们正在不断的开发资源，从陆地到太空，再到深海，到处都是人类开采的脚步。大海，人类相对来说了解的还是很少，现今的科技还不足人们涉足深海。海洋鱼类资源丰富，是食物的一大来源，但是海洋过于广阔，鱼类的品质和船员的食物如何保鲜也是一大难题。所以在不断向海洋开发，发展海洋经济的现今，制冷系统的发展和研究是近几年来大家所关心热点， 因为随着我国国民经济的迅猛发展，现代化的不断提高，各行各业都离不开制冷的科技问题，尤其是夏天，制冷更是人们最关心的问题。特别是在沿海地区，如船舶运输、海洋捕渔业及水产品的精深加工业等重要支柱产业都需要高质量的制冷技术。制冷技术在船舶上有着广泛的应用，如需冷藏的货物与食品，鱼类的运输以及船员居住环境改善，空调制冷等，随着海洋资源开采的不断深入，海洋考察和海底开发等都已与制冷技术密切相关。本文从船舶制冷控制系统的电气原理图和数据模型的动态分析出发，对优化船舶制冷控制系统提出了建议和措施。 在上述论述基础上提出船舶制冷系统控制目标函数，拟定系统优化的综合性能指标；设计系统的组成方案和电器控制原理图，选择测温及测压的检测元件等对系统进行PLC控制，编制梯形图；分析压缩机负荷性质以及变频控制电动机与压缩机电能消耗之间的功率联系，阐明变频节能的基本原理。为了更精确的掌握制冷系统的运行状况，以及更好的了解变频器对于电动机和压缩机的节能效果，着重的分析了压缩机在不同情况下动态性能以及转速的变化，也为制冷系统的优化提出了些许建议和措施。 关键词：船舶制冷；动态分析；控制优化；可编程控制器 东海科学技术学院本科生毕业论文 II ABSTRACT As technology develops, people are constantly developing resource, from land to space, to the deep sea, the pace of exploitation of human beings everywhere. Sea, or the understanding of the human is relatively small, less than todays people involved in deep sea technology. Rich in marine fish resources is a major source of food, but the ocean is too vast, the quality of fish, how fresh the food and the crew is a big problem. So to keep the marine development, the development of marine economy today, refrigeration systems development and research hotspot in recent years we are concerned, because as the rapid development of Chinas national economy, modernization of the continuous improvement of all walks of life are inseparable refrigeration technology, especially in summer, cooling is one of the most concern. Especially in coastal areas, such as shipping, marine capture fisheries and aquatic products processing industry and other important pillar industry of precision requires high-quality refrigeration technology. Refrigeration technology is widely used on ships, for refrigerated goods and food, fish transportation and improved crew living conditions, air conditioning, refrigeration, etc., with the deepening exploitation of marine resourc