福建农林大学计算机与信息学院JAVA语言程序设计课件Chapter14 Abstract Classes and Interfaces.pptVIP

Introduction to Java Programming Chapter 8 Introduction to Java Progrmming Chapter 14 Abstract Classes and Interfaces Chapter 14 In this chapter, you will learn the following concepts: To design and use abstract classes (§14.2). To process a calendar using the Calendar and GrogorianCalendar classes (§14.3) To declare interfaces to model weak inheritance relationships (§14.4). To define a natural order using the Comparable interface (§14.5). To enable objects to listen for action events using the ActionListener interface (§14.6). To make objects cloneable using the Cloneable interface (§14.7). To explore the similarities and differences between an abstract class and an interface (§14.8). To use wrapper classes to wrap primitive data values into objects (§14.9). 14.1 Introduction In the inheritance hierarchy, classes become more specific and concrete with each new subclass. If you move from a subclass back up to a superclass, the classes become more general and less specific. Sometimes a superclass is so abstract that it cannot have any specific instances. Such a class is referred to as an abstract class. Multiple inheritance Single inheritance Interface 10.2 Abstract Classes The abstract class Cannot be instantiated Should be extended and implemented in subclasses The abstract method Method signature without implementation GeometricObject (1) public abstract class GeometricObject { GeometricObject (2) /** Return color */ public String getColor() { return color; } GeometricObject (3) /** Abstract method findArea */ public abstract double findArea(); Note An abstract class cannot be instantiated using the new operator, but you can still define its constructors, which are invoked in the constructors of its subclasses. For instance, the constructors of GeometricObject are invoked in the Circle class and the Rectangle class. A class that contains abstract methods must be abstract. However, it is possible to declare an abstract class that contains no