民勤绿洲及其毗邻沙漠流动沙丘表面沉积物的元素分析-自然地理学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

摘要民勤绿洲地处巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间，是阻断两大沙漠会合的天然 摘要 民勤绿洲地处巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间，是阻断两大沙漠会合的天然 屏障。在中国历史上，因石羊河的浇灌，曾一度湖泊广布，水草丰美，一直是我 国北方少数民族的天然牧场，对中华民族的发展起过重要作用。但是近一、两千 年来，随着气候变化和人类改造自然能力的增强，在干旱少雨、战争、过度开发 等诸因素共同影响下，石羊河水量不断减少，民勤绿洲生态环境持续退化。 随着西部大开发和政府对环境保护的重视，民勤生态恢复已经被提上了政府 议事日程。温家宝总理“决不让民勤成为第二个罗布泊”的嘱托时刻鼓舞着民勤 人民防沙治沙的伟大事业。 本文以民勤绿洲及其毗邻沙漠流动沙丘表面沉积物为研究对象，应用X一荧光 光谱仪测定沉积物元素含量，以相关系数为依据探讨地表元素迁移规律。通过元 素的标准化分析确定沙源，利用元素富集因子分析、硅铝率和硅铝铁率分析、化 学风化指标分析、判别函数分析检验标准化分析所得沙源的合理性。最后根据沙 源分析结果将民勤绿洲划分为四个区域，分别是石羊河民勤段上游、石羊河民勤 段中游、石羊河民勤段下游和石羊河尾闯湖。结果表明，石羊河民勤段上游风沙 沉积主要来源于其南部的腾格里沙漠，属于近源传输。石羊河民勤段中游风沙沉 积至少有绿洲内部和腾格里沙漠两个物源，属于混合近源传输。石羊河民勤段下 游的情况较复杂，直接物源是民勤沙带。石羊河尾闾湖物质主要来源于巴丹吉林 沙漠，属于顺风向的远源传输。 关键词：民勤绿洲；元素分析；标准化分析；富集因子；硅铝率和硅铝铁率：化 学风化指标；判别函数 AbstractMinqin Abstract Minqin Oasis is located between Badain Jaran Desert and Tengger Desert，and it is the natural barrier to keep back the two deserts’Confluence．There were a great number of lakes，abundant water resourse and thick grass in Minqin Oasisi being fed by the Shiyang River’which made this area always be the Chinese ethnic minorities’natural pasture and play an important role on the development of the Chinese nation in history． However,with climate change and the increasing ability with which human being can change the nature dramastically,the water resourse of Shiyang River was decreasing and the ecological environment of Minqin was degenerating by the factors of dry, rainless，war and over exploitation． Under the circumstance of developing the west regions and paying attention to environment protection，governments have begun to draw the blueprint of ecological restoration．The expectation of premier Wen Jiabao“never allow Minqin Oasis become the second Lop Nor Lake’’have been encouraging people constantly plunge into the activity of sand protection and sand contr01． Sediments above active sand dunes in Minqin Oasis and its adjacent deserts were studied．XRF was applied to test sediments’element．Surface sediments elementary transference was discussed based on correlation coefficient．Lo